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oral pathology > infectious diseases > Flashcards

infectious diseases Flashcards

1
Q

what bac is impetigo caused from

A

strep pyogenes and staph aureus

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2
Q

vesicles that rupture, resulting in thick, amber colored crusts or longer lasting bullae

A

impetigo

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3
Q

lesions may itch- pruritius

A

impetigo

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4
Q

what bac causes tonsillitis and pharyngitis

A

group a beta hemolytic strep

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5
Q

petechiae and strawberry tongue(fungiform are red)

A

scarlet fever

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6
Q

childhood disease that follows group A beta hemolytic streptococcal infection 3% of strep cases get this

A

rheumatic fever

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7
Q

heart valve damage may occur; this may require the patient to be premedicated prior to dental treatment

A

rheumatic fever

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8
Q

involvement of organs such as kidney and liver in widespread areas of the body

A

miliary tb

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9
Q

involvement of submandibular and cervical lymph nodes

A

scrofula(tb)

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10
Q

chronic granulomatous lesions with areas of necrosis surrounded by macrophages, multinucleated giant cells and lymphocytes

A

tb

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11
Q

occupationally transmitted disease in dentistry

A

tb

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12
Q

combination meds including inh and rifampin

A

tb

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13
Q

what is actinomycosis caused by

A

actinomyces israelii

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14
Q

sulfur granules

A

actinomycosis

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15
Q

what is syphilis caused by

A

treponema pallidum

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16
Q

std; transmitted by direct contact

A

syphilis

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17
Q

chancre; forms where the spirochete enters the body; highly infectious; heals spontaneously and the disease enters a latent period

A

primary syphilis

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18
Q

diffuse eruptions occur on skin and mucous membranes; oral lesions are called mucous patches(most infectious);snail trail ulcers; very infectious, windy, irregular lesions

A

secondary stage syphilis

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19
Q

chiefly involves the cardiovascular system and the nervous system; gumma(firm noninfectious mass; destructive lesion that can result in perforation of palatal bone

A

tertiary stage syphilis

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20
Q

chancre

A

primary syphilis

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21
Q

mucous patch

A

secondary syphilis

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22
Q

none(syphilis)

A

latent period

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23
Q

gumma

A

tertiary syphilis

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24
Q

what is syphilis treated with

A

penicillin

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25
Q

painful, erythematous gingivitis with necrosis of interdental papillae

A

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

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26
Q

most likely caused by both fusiform bacillus and a spirochete(borrelia vincentii)

A

nug

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27
Q

inflammation around the crown of a partially erupted impacted tooth; trauma from an opposing molar and impacted food under the soft tissue flap(operculum) may precipitate

A

pericoronitis

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28
Q

posterior mandible

A

osteomyelitis

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29
Q

a white curdlike material is present on mucosal surface; burning sensation; can be scraped off to reveal underlying erythematous inflammatory base

A

pseudomembrane candidiasis

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30
Q

the presenting complaint is an erythematous , often painful mucosa

A

erythematous candida

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31
Q

focal areas of erythema and lingual depapillation are characteristics of

A

chronic candidiasis in patients with xerostomia

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32
Q

what is the most common type of candidiasis

A

denture stomatitis(chronic atrophic candidiasis)

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33
Q

mucosa is erythematous, but the change is limited to the mucosa covered by a full or partial denture; follows the outline of the rpd or denture

A

denture stomatitis

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34
Q

a white lesion that does not wipe off the mucosa; will respond to antifungal meds

A

chronic hyperplastic candidiasis(candidal leukoplakia)

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35
Q

appears as an erythematous region devoid of papillae on posterior dorsum of tongue

A

median rhomboid glossitis

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36
Q

histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcosis

A

deep fungal infections

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37
Q

what do deep fungal infections primarily involve?

A

lungs

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38
Q

rare fungal infection; organism found in soil and usually nonpathogenic; may occur with diabetic and debilitated patients; proliferating or destructive mass in the maxilla

A

mucormycosis

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39
Q

what are the human papillomavirus infections

A

verruca vulgaris; condyloma acuminatum, focal epithelial hyperplasia

40
Q

papillary oral lesion caused by a papillomavirus; transmitted from skin to oral mucosa; autoinoculation

A

verruca vulgaris(common wart)

41
Q

diagnosis of verruca vulgaris

A

koilocytes with clear cytoplasm

42
Q

benign papillary lesion caused by papillomavirus; std; cobblestoned; pink masses that can occur anywhere in oral mucosa; multiple lesions present; contain koilocytes(sessile areas of epithelial hyperplasia

A

condyloma acuminatum

43
Q

what color is condyloma

A

pink

44
Q

what color is verruca vulgaris

A

white

45
Q

characterized by presence of multiple, whitish to pale pink nodules; common in children; asymptomatic and do not require treatment

A

focal epithelial hyperplasia(heck disease)

46
Q

herpes simplex is one of a group of viruses called

A

human herpes virus(hhv)

47
Q

oral disease caused by initial infection with herpes simplex; painful swollen gingiva mutltiple tiny veiscles; these turn into ragged ulcers

A

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

48
Q

vesicles progress to form ulcers; fever, malaise, cervical lymphadenopathy; children

A

primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

49
Q

the virus tends to persist in a latent state in trigeminal ganglion;

A

reccurent herpes simplex infection

50
Q

how much of population US experiences recurrent herpes simplex infections

A

1/3- 1/2

51
Q

what is the most common location for recurrent infection(on fixed mucosa)

A

lips- herpes labialis(cold sore or fever blister)

52
Q

what can recurrent herpes be triggered by

A

stress, sunlight, menstration, fatigue, fever

53
Q

where does recurrent herpes simplex occur

A

intraorally on keratinized mucosa that is attached to bone(fixed mucosa)

54
Q

the highest amount of reccurent herpes virus is highest in the ____ stage

A

vesicle

55
Q

primary infection of recurrent herpes is where

A

at site of inoculation

56
Q

painful infection of fingers due to a primary or secondary infection(herpes); site of inoculation becomes inflammed and painful

A

herpetic whitlow

57
Q

causes both chicken pox(varicalla) and herpes zoster(shingles); respiratory aerosols and contact with secretions from skin lesions transmit virus

A

varicella-zoster virus

58
Q

what is the primary infection of varicella

A

chicken pox

59
Q

secondary chicken pox

A

shingles(herpes zoster)

60
Q

any branchof the trigeminal nerve may be involved if lesions affect face

A

herpes zoster

61
Q

what virus causes infectious mononucleosis

A

epstein-barr virus

62
Q

characterized by sore throat, fever, gen lymphadenopathy, enlarged spleen, malaise and fatigue* petechiae*

A

infectious mono

63
Q

large atypical t lymphocytes

A

infectious mono

64
Q

what causes hairy leukoplakia

A

epstien barr

65
Q

lateral border of tongue(white corrugated)

A

hairy leukoplakia

66
Q

herpangina, hand foot mouth disease, acute lymphonodular pharyngitis

A

coxsackievirus

67
Q

fever, malaise, sore throat, difficulty swallowing(dysphagia); vesicles on soft palate; erythematous pharyngits

A

herpangina

68
Q

epidemics in children less than 5 yrs old; mult macules or papules occur on skin, feet, toes, hands, fingers; painful vesicles in mouth

A

hand foot mouth disease

69
Q

begins with mild fever, poor apetitie, malaise, and sore throat; 2 days after fever begins, painful sores develop in mouth; begin as small red spots that blister and become ulcers(tongue, gums, insides of cheeks

A

hand foot mouth

70
Q

incubation period of hand foot mouth

A

3-7 days

71
Q

first symptom of hand foot mouth

A

fever

72
Q

fever, sore throat, milk headache; hyperplastic lymphoid tissue of soft palate or tonsillar pillars appears as yellowish or dark pink nodules; 2 weeks

A

acute lymponodular pharyngitis

73
Q

what are measles caused by

A

paramyxovirus

74
Q

koplik spots

A

measles

75
Q

what are the mumps caused by

A

paramyxovirus

76
Q

viral infection of salivary glands;; bilateral swellings of parotid glands

A

mmps

77
Q

what cells do hiv infect

A

cd4 t helper lymphocytes

78
Q

< 200 cd4 lymphocytes per microliter of blood

A

aids

79
Q

what is the most definite test for hiv

A

western blot test

80
Q

aids related complex is occurence of several sings and symptoms together which are

A

candidiasis, fatigue, weight loss, lymphadenopathy

81
Q

antibodies to hiv usually begin to become detectable about __ weeks following infection

A

6 weeks

82
Q

used to measure the amoun of hiv circulating in serum

A

pcr

83
Q

measured amount of hiv is called

A

viral load

84
Q

oral lesions develop in hiv patients due to

A

deficiency in cmi and depletion of t-helper cells

85
Q

in hiv positive patients, ___ generally signals the beginning of progressively sever immunodeficiency

A

oral candidiasis

86
Q

an ulceration due to herpes simplex that has been present for more than __ meets the criteria for diagnosis of aids

A

1 month

87
Q

one of the opportunistic infections that occur in patients with hiv infection

A

kaposi sarcoma

88
Q

herpes virus(HHV-8) or KSHV has been associated; multiple bluish, blackish, reddish blotches that are usually flat in early stages

A

kaposi sarcoma

89
Q

a malignant tumor that may occur in associated with hiv infection; non ulcerated, necrotic or ulcerated mass; epstein barr associated with this

A

lymphoma

90
Q

spontaneous bleeding, punctate or petechiae-like lesions on attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa, bandlike erythema of gingiva that does not respond to therapy; occurs independently of oral hygiene status even after scaling

A

linear gingival erythema

91
Q

bright red line along the border of the free gingival margin

A

linear gingival erythema

92
Q

characterized by intense erythema and extremely rapid bone loss; necrotizing stomatitis

A

necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis

93
Q

extensive focal areas of bone loss along with features of nup

A

necrotizing stomatitis

94
Q

can a decrease in platelets be seen in patients with hiv

A

yes

95
Q

can bilateral parotid gland enlargement occur in patients hiv positive

A

yes

oral pathology (12 decks)

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