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oral pathology > ch. 9 vocab for quiz 4 > Flashcards

ch. 9 vocab for quiz 4 Flashcards

1
Q

a disorder that is caused by chronic overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland and is characterized by a gradual and permanent enlargement of bones after closure of epiphyseal plates

A

acromegaly

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2
Q

a marked decrease in the number of granulocytes particularly neurtophils

A

agranulocytosis

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3
Q

a reduction in the number of red blood cells, quantity of hemoglobin, or volume of packed red blood cells to less than normal

A

anemia

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4
Q

anterior open bite

A

apertognathia

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5
Q

lack of development

A

aplasia

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6
Q

severe pain in a joint

A

arthraglia

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7
Q

the process by which lipid accumulates within the walls of large and medium-sized arteries. it leads to reduced blood flow to and death of vital organs

A

atherosclerosis

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8
Q

component of metabolism that involves the breakdown of tissues

A

catabolism

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9
Q

the treatment of disease by the use of chemical substances, especially the treatment of cancer by cytotoxic and other drugs

A

chemotherapy

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10
Q

formation of a clot

A

coagulation

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11
Q

difficulty swallowing

A

dysphagia

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12
Q

a small, flat hemorrhagic patch larger than a petechia on the skin or mucous membrane

A

ecchymosis

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13
Q

bleeding from the nose

A

epistaxis

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14
Q

an abnormal protrusion(bulging) of one or both eyes

A

exophthalmos

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15
Q

an insoluble protein that is essential to the clotting of blood

A

fibrin

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16
Q

surgical removal of the stomach

A

gastrectomy

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17
Q

excessive growth and height. pituitary gigantism is a condition caused by increased production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland before closure of the epiphyseal plates

A

gigantism

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18
Q

volume percentage of red blood cells in whole blood

A

hemocrit

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19
Q

a localized swelling that is filled with blood caused by a break in the wall of a blood vessel

A

hematoma

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20
Q

the presence of blood in the urine

A

hematuria

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21
Q

a hereditary disorder of metabolism involving the deposition of ion-containing pigments in the tissues

A

hemochromatosis

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22
Q

the release of hemoglobin from red blood cells by destruction of the cells

A

hemolysis

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23
Q

stoppage or cessation f bleeding

A

hemostasis

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24
Q

enlargement of the liver

A

hepatomegaly

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25
Q

secreted molecules produced in the body that have a specific regulatory action on target cells that are distant fro their sites of synthesis; an endocrine hormone is frequently carried by the blood from its site of release to its target

A

hormone

26
Q

excess calcium in the blood

A

hypercalcemia

27
Q

excess glucose in the blood

A

hyperglycemia

28
Q

stained less intensely than normal

A

hypochromic

29
Q

a deficiency of sodium in the blood

A

hyponatremia

30
Q

a deficiency of glucose in the bloodstream

A

hypoglycemia

31
Q

a deficiency of phosphates in the blood

A

hypophosphatemia

32
Q

the technical term for jaundice

A

icterus

33
Q

a system established by the who and the international committee on thrombosis and hemostasis for reporting the results of blood coagulation(clotting) tests

A

international normalized ratio(INR)

34
Q

an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles

A

ischemia

35
Q

a hormone produced in the pancreas by beta cells in the islets of langerhans; insulin regulates glucose metabolism and is the major fuel-regulating hormone

A

insulin

36
Q

profound hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, that neccessitates emergency intervention

A

insulin shock

37
Q

accumulation of acid in the body resulting from the accumulation of ketone bodies

A

ketoacidosis

38
Q

a condition in which the number of white blood cells circulating in the blood is abnormally low

A

leukopenia

39
Q

atherosclerosis of large and medium-size blood vessels

A

macrovascular disease

40
Q

abnormally large tongue

A

macroglossia

41
Q

a large, abnormally developed rbc typical of certain forms of anemia and associated with a deficiency of folic acid or vitamin b12

A

megoblast

42
Q

abnormally heavy bleeding during menstruation

A

menorrhagia

43
Q

a rbc that is smaller than normal

A

microcyte

44
Q

damage to small blood vessels

A

microvascular disease

45
Q

muscle pain

A

myalgia

46
Q

decreased number of neutrophils in the blood

A

neutropenia

47
Q

abnormal rarefraction of bone

A

osteoporosis

48
Q

a dramatic decrease in all types of circulating blood cells

A

pancytopenia

49
Q

a minute red spot on the skin or mucous membrane caused by escape of a small amount of blood

A

petechia

50
Q

an abnormality of chromosome 22 in which part of chromosome 9 is transferred to chromosome 22

A

philadelphia chromosome

51
Q

disk-shaped structure, also called a thrombocyte, found in the blood; it plays an important role in blood coagulation

A

platelet

52
Q

increase in the total red blood cell mass in the blood

A

polycythemia

53
Q

chronic excessive thirst and intake of fluid

A

polydipsia

54
Q

increased appetite

A

polyphagia

55
Q

excessive urination causing a profound loss of water and electrolytes

A

polyuria

56
Q

after a meal

A

postprandial

57
Q

blood disorders characterized by purplish or brownish discolorations caused by bleeding into the skin or tissues

A

purpura

58
Q

a cell surface protein to which a specific molecule can bind; such binding leads to biochemical events

A

receptor

59
Q

enlargement of the spleen

A

spenomegaly

60
Q

a platelet

A

thrombocyte

61
Q

a decrease in the number of platelets in circulating blood

A

thrombocytopenia

62
Q

dry mouth

A

xerostomia

oral pathology (12 decks)

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