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Mechanisms of Disease Exam #3 > Infectious Disease Etc. 1 > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Etc. 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Serum cold agglutinins causes cells to do what?

What infection is it associated with?

A

RBCs to clump.

Mycoplasma

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of primary atypical pneumonia?

A

Mycoplasma

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3
Q

Indolent organisms generally:

A

Culture and stain poorly.

They are typically inactive.

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4
Q

Staph aureas generally manifests how in healthy people?

A

Skin and hair manifestations: boils, rashes, etc.

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5
Q

What test should be used to discern Staph vs. Strep infections?

A

Catalase.

Staph are catalase positive.
Strep are catalase negative.

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6
Q

Most common cause of bladder infections:

A

E. coli

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7
Q

Respiratory system bacterial infections (6)

A 
S. pyogenes - pharyngitis
C. diphtheria - diphtheria
B. pertussis - pertussis
S. pneumonia - lobar pneumonia
TB - tuberculosis
L. pneumophila - Legionnaire's DZ
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8
Q

GI system bacterial infections (5)

A

H. pylori - peptic ulcers
V. cholerae - non-inflammatory gastroenteritis
Shigella spp., C. jejuni, EHEC - inflammatory gastroenteritis
S. typhi - enteric (typhoid) fever
C. difficile - pseudomembranous colitis

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9
Q

Overall major causes of bacterial meningitis (5)

A 
N. meningitidis
S. agalactiae
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
L. monocytes
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10
Q

Overall UTI causes (4)

A

E. coli
P. aeruginosa
S. saprophyticus
Enterococcus

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11
Q

Most common infection in burns:

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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12
Q

Overall disseminated infections (3)

A

Y. pestis - plague
B. burgdorfori - Lyme DZ
Brucella spp. - undulant fever

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13
Q

General pathogenesis of TB

Major mediator:

Which patients are at an increased risk for TB infection?

A

Initial infection of Mo by binding MBL/CR3, then response of Th1 that causes tissue damage and significant granulomas and caseous necrosis.

IFN-y.

HIV pts.

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14
Q

M. leprae SX in tuberculoid and lepromatous Leprosy

A

Tuberculoid: dry, scaly skin lesions that lack sensation. ASX involvement of peripheral nerves.

Lepromatous: more severe. Symmetric skin thickening and nodules. There is widespread invasion into Schwann cells.

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15
Q

Infections common in immunocompromised patients

A 
Mycobacterium
HIV-1
Candida albicans
Pneumocystis spp.
CMV
EBV
HHV-8
JC Polyomavirus
HPV
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16
Q

Ureaplasma urealyticum vs Proteus mirabilis

Classification:

Normal flora?

Clinical:

A

Ureaplasma: Mycoplasma (no cell wall)
Proteus: enteric

Ureaplasma: yes, in up to 60% of healthy women.
Proteus: No

Ureaplasma: serous/mucoid discharge, localized urethritis
Proteus: acute pyelonephritis, ureteritis, urethritis, cystitis. Seen in immunocompromised and nosocomial.

17
Q

Causes of GU urethritis (5)

A 
Neisseria gonorrheae
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Chlamydia
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Trichomonas vaginalis
18
Q

Associate elevated CRP w/:

A

Acute pyogenic infections

19
Q

Major cause of subacute bacterial endocarditis

A

Viridans Grp

20
Q

Main cause of myocarditis, pericarditis, pleurisy

A

RNA viruses - picornaviruses

21
Q

What are in the Picornavirus group?

A

Cardiovirus
Hepatovirus
Enterovirus (poliovirus, rhinovirus, coxsackies)

22
Q

Coxsackie A vs Coxsackie B

A

A - hand, foot and mouth DZ (fever with rash).

B - myocarditis, pericarditis.

23
Q

Most common cause of aseptic meningitis

A

Enteroviruses

24
Q

What is the main use of India ink stain for DX?

A

Cryptococcus

25
Q

Most common etiology of ringworm

A

Fungal

26
Q

Etiology of superficial fungal infections is…

A

Trichophyton

27
Q

What does Chlamydia have tropism for? (what can it cause beyond the infection)

A

Fallopian tube -> PID, salpingitis*

28
Q

What can work synergistically w/ Hep B to cause hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Aspergillus -> aflatoxin

29
Q

What tests (2) are used to detect RMSF?

Results?

A

Weil-Felix Rxn, serology.

WF/OX 19+ OX 2+

30
Q

Weil-Felix results for:

RR
RP
Rty
Tsut

A

RR: WF/OX 19+ OX 2+
RP: OX-19+
Rty OX-19+
Tsut: OK-K+

31
Q

Syphilis

Common is US?

Where is primary lesion?

Regional lymph node involvement?

A

Common is US? Yes

Where is primary lesion? Painless chancre

Regional lymph node involvement? No

32
Q

Chancroid (H. ducreyi)

Common is US?

Where is primary lesion?

Regional lymph node involvement?

A

Common is US? Rare

Where is primary lesion? Painful papule

Regional lymph node involvement? 50% of time, they may drain

33
Q

Granuloma inguinale

Common is US?

Where is primary lesion?

Regional lymph node involvement?

Other:

A

Common is US? Rare

Where is primary lesion? Protuberant, soft, painless

Regional lymph node involvement? Not usually

Other: abundant granulation tissue

34
Q

Lymphogranuloma venereum

Common is US?

Where is primary lesion?

Regional lymph node involvement?

A

Common is US? Uncommon, but occurs

Where is primary lesion? Small papule

Regional lymph node involvement? Yes

Mechanisms of Disease Exam #3 (11 decks)

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