Infectious Disease Flashcards
What are the signs and symptoms of Tularemia?
Tularemia is a zoonotic disease that is transmitted through direct contact, a tick vector, or it can be aerosolized (this is why you need to report cases to the CDC- it can be a biological weapon).
Look for:
fever
tender, regional lymphadenopathy
ulcers at the site of the bite
*the rabbit is the most common reservoir, but it can also be found in any other wild animals including deer.
What is the treatment for Tularemia?
Treat tularemia with
Streptomycin (an aminoglycoside)
What are the Lumbar Puncture findings associated with fungal meningitis?
cell count
glucose
pressure
protein
fungal meningitis:
10-100 lymphocyte predominant
significantly elevated pressure
decreased glucose
elevated protein
What are the LP findings consistent with viral meningitis?
cell count/type
pressure
glucose
protein
viral meningitis
10-100 lymphocytes
slightly elevated pressure
normal glucose
normal protein
what are the most common causitive organisims of necrotizing faciitis?
necrotizing faciitis is most often caused by
clostridium perfringens
staph aureus
strep pyogenes
what is the appropriate treatment for necrotizing faciitis?
treat necrotizing faciitis with
clindamycin (c. perfringens)
penicillin G (s. pyogenes)
and
vancomycin (MRSA)
What additional organism do you need to consider as the causitive organism in acute pneumonia superimposed on chronic lung disease?
Make sure that you consider pseudomonas as a likely causitive organism of acute pneumonia in a patient with chronic lung disease.
emperic treatment of these patients should include a
beta-lactam that cover
Which form of hepatitis uses a reverse transcriptase to replicate inside of hepatocytes?
Hepatitis B usues a reverse transcriptase to replicate inside of hepatocytes
Hep B is also the only one of the hepatitis viruses to have DNA in the genome
What causes kaposi sarcoma?
kaposi sarcoma is caused by HSV 8
What are the CSF findings associated with
Guillain-Barre Syndrome?
GBS:
- normal glucose
- normal WBC
- normal opening pressure
- elevated protein
treatment of GBS = plasmaphoresis or IVIG
Mexico
liver mass with well defined margins
diarrhea
RUQ pain
weight loss
E. hystolitica
its endemic to mexico- so when you have a liver problem and recent travel from mexico or other developing countries make sure its on the differential
transmission is sexually or fecal -oral
What antibiotics cover pseudamonas?
Pseudamonas coverage:
ceftazadime
piperacillin-tazobactam
meropenem
imipenem
cefepime
neutropenic fever
neutropenic fever is:
fever >101
absolute neutrophil cong <500
what is the next best step in treatment of an immunocompromised patient with netropenic fever who fails emperic antibiotic therapy?
consider anti-fungals in immunocompromised patients with persistent fever after emperic antibiotic treatment
emperic abx should cover pseudomonas
emperic anti-fungals should be broad spectrum like micofungin
What are the three most common causes of odynophagia in HIV patients?
odynophagia in patients with HIV
- Candida Albicans
- HSV
- CMV
*Do an EGD to distinguish between them. The EGD allows direct visualization as well as provides the opportunity to gather specimen samples and take biopsies.
