Derm Flashcards
What is the most feared complication of a draining sinus tract secondary to chronic osteomyelitis
Chronically draining sinus tract + chronic osteomyelitis
=
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
what is the treatment for hot tub folliculitis?
Hot tub folliculitis is most often caused by pseudamonas.
Treatment consists of oral levofloxacin and topical gentamycin or polymixin B
Ulcers located distally on the digits are most commonly due to?
Vasospasm is a common cause of ulcers that arise on the distal aspects of the digits
*ulcers caused by vasospasm are described as small, dry, and painful. Skin near the area will be mottled or white
**Remember: beta-blockers can exacerbate this problem, so if a patient is taking one, switch him to a calcium channel blocker
What is the most common cause of necrotizing faciitis?
The most common cause of necrotizing faciitis is
Group A Streptococcus
Necrotizing faciitis can present with minimal inflammation of the skin but progress rapidly. The infection extends thru the dermal layer into the facia.
You may see crepitus and a purple discoloration above the infected area. As it progresses patients will become sick as shit and have AMS, fever, and maliase
What type of ulcer is caused by an agressive form of Squamous Cell Cancer?
A marjolin ulcer is caused by an agressive form of Squamous Cell Cancer.
Squamous Cell Cancers are a feared sequella of an unhealing ulcer
Hemorrhagic skin blisters in sun exposed areas
erosions, superficial cysts, and hyperpigmentation
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
PCT can be AD or sporadic
decreased hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase leads to decreased heme synthesis.
Treatment includes smoking and alcohol cessation and staying out of the sun
blisters in the mucosal membranes
(+) Nikolsky sign
intact basement membrane
pemphous vulgaris
*Autoantibodies against the adhesion molecules (desmoglein)
the seperation of the epidermas from the basement membrane is called acantholysis
What are the characteristics of
familial benign pemphigus
(Hailey-Hailey diesease)
familial- AD inheritance
exacerbated by hot weather
burning and puritius accompany the erruptions
often have a foul smell secondary to bacterial infection
What are the characteristics of Grover Disease?
Grover Disease:
middle aged men
local puritic rash
self limiting
brought on by heat, sweat, sun, humidity
can appear on the back of a hospitalized/bed ridden patient
acantholysis and dyskeritosis
What are the characteristics of bullous pemphigoid?
Bulous Pemphigoid:
antibodies to the basement membrane
(-) Nikolsky sign
(+) absoe-Hansen Sign (spreading of the blister with pressure)
widespread blistering on the flexor surfaces and perianal region
Ulcers that appear on the medial aspect of the leg are most commonly due to?
Ulcers appearing on the medial aspect of the leg are mostly commonly due to venous insuffiency/stasis
What does necrotizing faciitis look like?
Necrotizing Faciitis
purple/dusky color
crepitus to palpation
hemorrhagic bullae
swollen
What is vitiligo?
vitiligo is the autoimmune attack of melanocytes resulting in depigmentation.
Depigmented areas are usually found around orifaces- eyes, nose, mouth, but can be anywhere on the body.
Common presentations are on the head and neck
presentation of a pilodinal abscess
pilodinal abscess presents with
pain in the intergluteal region with activities like sitting that stretches the skin over the abscess
fever
drainage (mucoid, purulent, and/or bloody)
treatment is incision and drainage
what is the treatment for tinea versicolor?
treat tinea versicolor with 2% ketoconazole ointment or shampoo
or
selenium sulfide shampoo (anti-dandruff)
