Infectious Disease Flashcards
What temperature is considered a fever in a child?
rectal temperature of 38 degrees Celsius
What are the criteria that indicate an infant is at low risk for serious bacterial infection?
1) WBC >5000 and <15 000 cells/mm^3
2) absolute band count < 1500 cells/mm^3
3) normal urinalysis (<10 WBCs per high-power field)
4) <5 WBC per high-power field on stool write stain
5) normal CSF
What is the most common organism causing fever in 3-36month old patients?
streptococcus pneumoniae
What is a fever of unknown origin?
a fever lasting longer than 8 days to 3 wks when prior hx, physical exam, preliminary laboratory eval have all failed to lead to a diagnosis
What is Meningitis
inflammation of the meninges and can be bacterial or asceptic
What are the risk factors for meningitis
1) young age
2) immunodeficiency
3) anatomic defects
What are the clinic features of meningitis?
1) alteration in level of consciousness
2) nuchal rigidity
3) seizures
4) photophobia
5) emesis
6) headache
what are the CSF findings for TB meningitis?
1) lymphocytic pleocytosis
2) low glucose
3) dramatically elevated protein
brain imaging shows basilar enhancement
How is TB meningitis treated?
1) isoniazid
2) rifampin
3) pyrazinamide
4) streptomycin
What are the types of sinusitis?
acute, subacute, chronic
What are the typical viral causes of pharyngitis?
those typical for URIs and
- coxackievirus
- EBV
- CMV
What are the typical pathogens causing pharyngitis?
S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. Catarrhalis
What is the treatment for acute sinusitis?
amoxicillin - amoxicillin -clavulanate or second-gen cephalosporin for 10-14 days
Symtpoms fo EBV pharyngitis
- enlarged posterior cervical lymph nodes, malaise, hepatosplenomegaly
Symptoms of coxsackievirus pharyngitis
- painful vesicles or ulcers on the posterior pharynx and soft palate
- blisters on the palms and soles
