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IM MedEd > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is Anti-retroviral Syndrome? How do you Dx? Tx?

A

Acute HIV infection that presents w/flu like symptoms. Suspect this in a high risk person w/flu.

Dx: ELISA will be negative! Must do PCR to check for viral load!
Tx: ARV 2+1

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2
Q

HIV prophylaxis in pregnant women for vertical transmission?

A

AZT = Zidovudine

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3
Q

CD4 <200 = at risk for….

Prophylaxis?

A

PCP Pneumonia!

Bactrim(TMP-SMX)>Dapsone>Atorvaqovne

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4
Q

CD4 <100 at risk for….

Prophylaxis?

A

TOXO!

Bactrim(TMP-SMX)>Pyrimethamine

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5
Q

CD4 <50 at risk for…

Prophylaxis?

A

MAC!

Azithromycin

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6
Q

Pt w/Fever, HA, NV, Photophobia and stiff neck Dx?

A

Meningitis

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7
Q

Pt w/Fever, HA, NV, Photophobia and focal neurological deficits, Dx?

A

Abscess or cancer

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8
Q

Pt w/Fever, HA, NV, Photophobia and confusion, Dx?

A

Encephalitis

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9
Q

Pt w/fever and HA, when can you not do a lumbar puncture?

A

FAILS: FND, AMS, Immunosuppressive, Lesion, Seizures

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10
Q

Pt w/fever HA and FAILS+ what test do you do?

A

Go ahead and give ABX(vanc,ceftriax,steroids +/- amp) and do CT scan

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11
Q

Patient w/suspected brain inflammation that is FAILS+ but has a normal CT, next step?

A

Lumbar punction

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12
Q

Pt suspected brain inflammation, FAILS+, ABx started, CT shows somthing…next step?

A

Treat for toxo = Pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine + leuvocovorin

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13
Q

After you treat a patient for toxo of the brain what do you do?

A

Rescan brain w/CT! If shit still there do Bx to rule out infection vs cancer

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14
Q

Brain inflammation: pt w/lymphocytes on lumbar puncture tx?

A

Assume HSV & tx w/acyclovir + do HSV PCR if - just supportive care.

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15
Q

Tx of typical bacterial meningitis

A

Vanco + ceftriax + steroids +/- ampicillin(only if immuno comp)

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16
Q

Sx for RMSF encephalitis + tx?

A

Rath that moves from arms –> trunk +tick bites +camping

Tx: ceftriaxone

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17
Q

Sx for Lyme encephalitis + tx?

A

Targetoid rash w/arthalgias, arrhythmias. + travel to CT, +/- tick

Tx: ceftriaxone(same as RMSF)

18
Q

Sx for cryptococcal encephalitis + tx?

A

AIDs pt w/fever + HA.&raquo_space;20 cm H2O opening + Crypto Ag&raquo_space;Indian ink

Tx: amphotericin

19
Q

Sx for TB encephalitis + tx?

A

Night sweats, weight loss, hemoptysis, meningitis, homeless, prison, endemic areas

Tx: RIPE

20
Q

2 most common organisms that cause cellulitis?

A

Staph(likes to burrow and cause abscesses) & GAS

21
Q

Sx of cellulitis + Dx + tx?

A

Hot, red, tender area of skin + known entry point. DO NOT CULTURE!

Tx: mark boundries so you can note if recedes after d1 of abx & give clindamycin or Bactrim for staph or 1st gen cephalosporin for GAS

If toxic: vanc, Linz, clinda

22
Q

+ bone pain +probe to bone + refractory cellulitis

Dx?
Tx?
F/u?

A

Dx: 1. Xray(+@2wks) 2. MRI 3. Bone Scan, 4. BIOPSY = best

Tx: DEBRIDMENT + 4-6wks Vanc + Pip/tazo

F/U: ESR, CRP once drop your okay

23
Q

Organism that causes OM in normal patient…

A

Staph

24
Q

Organism that causes OM in patient with SS…

A

Salmonella

25
Q

Organism that causes OM in patient with diabetic foot/sneaker+nail…

A

Pseudomonas

26
Q

Organism that causes OM in patient with cirrhosis…

A

Vibrio vulnificus

27
Q

Organism that causes OM in patient with gardening…

A

Sport tricks

28
Q

Contaminated wound that now has crepitis..

Dx?tx?

A

Xray = gas === gas gangrene

Tx: Debridment + Clindamycin+PCN

29
Q

Cellulitis + toxic + rapidly spreading + PAIN>PT, Blue green discoloration + crepitis

Dx? Tx?

A

Xray = gas ======Necrotizing Fascitis

Tx: debridment + 3rd gen ceph + clinda + amp

30
Q

Fever Cough + no consolidation on CXR

Dx?
Tx?

A

Bronchitis

Tx: outpatient w/Macrolide(azith), or doxy or moxiflox

31
Q

Fever, Cough + bilateral infiltrates on CXR

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Tx w/ macrolide(azith)

32
Q

Tx of CAP

A

1st: Ceftriax + Azithromycin
2nd: Moxifloxacin

33
Q

Tx of HCAP

A

1st: Vanco + pip/tazo

34
Q

Tx of pneumonia w/bilateral fluffy infiltrates…..Dx?

A

PCP!

Tx: bactrim +/-steroids

35
Q

Tx of influenza pneumonia

A

Oseltamivir

36
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia?

A

S. Pneumoniae

37
Q

Pneumonia w/GI + CNS sx bug?

A

Legionella

38
Q

Pneumonia w/EtOH use bug?

A

Klebsiella

39
Q

Pneumonia w/COPD/Smoker bug?

A

Haemophilus influence

40
Q

Post viral pneumonia bug?

A

S. Aureus

41
Q

Tinea Cruis

A

JOCK ITCH/BOOB RASH! = tx w/ antifungals

IM MedEd (24 decks)

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