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USMLE Rapid Review > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

four signs and symptoms of streptococcal pharyngitis

A

fever, pharyngeal erythema, tonsillar exudate, and lack of cough

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2
Q

non-suppurative complication of streptococcal infection that is not altered by tx of primary infection

A

post-infectious glomerulonephritis

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3
Q

most common predisposing factor for acute sinusitis

A

viral URI

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4
Q

asplenic pts are particularly susceptible to these organisms

A

encapsulated organisms –> SHiNK (strep pneumo, h. influenaze, n. meningitis, klebsiella)

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5
Q

number of bacteria needed on a clean catch specimen to diagnose UTI

A

10^5

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6
Q

pt from cali presents w/ fever, malaise, cough, and night sweats. dx? tx?

A

coccidioidomycosis; tx w/ amphotericin B

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7
Q

non-painful chancre

A

primary syphilis

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8
Q

blueberry muffin rash is characteristic of what congenital infection

A

rubella

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9
Q

meningitis in neonates. causes? tx?

A

GBS, e coli, and listeria; tx w/ gentamicin and ampicillin

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10
Q

meningitis in infants. causes? tx?

A

pneumococcus, meningococcus, h. influenzae; tx w/ cefotaxime and vancomycin

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11
Q

characteristics of secondary lyme dz

A

arthralgias, migratory polyarthropathies, bell’s palsy, myocarditis

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12
Q

cold agglutinins

A

mycoplasma

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13
Q

risk factors for pyelonephritis

A

pregnancy, VUR, anatomic anomalies, indwelling catheters, kidney stones

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14
Q

neutropenic nadir postchemotherapy

A

7-10 days

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15
Q

erythema migrans

A

primary lyme dz

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16
Q

classic physical findings for endocarditis

A

fever, heart murmur, olser’s nodes, splinter hemorrhages, janeway lesions, roth spots

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17
Q

asplastic crisis in sickle cell dz

A

parvovirus b19

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18
Q

branching rods in oral infection

A

actinomyces israelii

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19
Q

weakly gram +, partially acid fast in lung infection

A

nocardia asteroides

20
Q

painful chancroid

A

haemophilus ducreyi

21
Q

dog or cat bite

A

posteurella multocida

22
Q

gardener

A

sporothrix schenckii

23
Q

raw pork and skeletal muscle cysts

A

trichinella spiralis

24
Q

sheepherders w/ liver cysts

A

echinococcus granulosus

25
Q

perianal itching

A

enterobius vermicularis

26
Q

prego women w/ pets

A

toxoplasma gondii

27
Q

meningitis in adults

A

neisseria meningitidis

28
Q

meningitis in elderly

A

strep pneumo

29
Q

meningoencephalitis in AIDS pts

A

cryptococcus neoformans

30
Q

alcoholic w/ pneumonia

A

klebsiella

31
Q

currant jelly sputum

A

klebsiella

32
Q

malignant external otitis

A

pseudomonas

33
Q

infection in burn victims

A

pseudomonas

34
Q

osteomyelitis in foot wound puncture

A

pseudomonas

35
Q

osteomyelitis in a sickle cell pt

A

salmonella

36
Q

3 most common causes of fever of unknown origin

A

infection, cancer, and autoimmune dz

37
Q

PPD indurations that are considered positive in various pt groups…

A

> 5 mm = immunocomp. pts, recent contacts w/ known TB
10 mm = recent immigrants from TB areas, injection drug users, residents/employees of high risk settings, TB labs, children 15 mm = all pts

38
Q

HIV pt w/ CD4 less than 200. bug? prophy?

A

PCP w/ TMP-SMX

39
Q

HIV pt w/ CD4 less than 50. bug? prophy?

A

MAC w/ azithromycin

40
Q

HIV pt w/ CD4 less than 100. bug? prophy?

A

toxoplasma gondii w/ TMP-SMX

41
Q 
CSF findings for bacterial meningitis?
RBCs = ?
WBCs = ?
glucose = ?
protein = ?
opening pressure = ?
appearance = ?
A 
CSF findings for bacterial meningitis?
RBCs = normal
WBCs = increased (> 1000 PMNs)
glucose = decreased
protein = increased
opening pressure = increased
appearance = cloudy/purulent
42
Q 
CSF findings for viral meningitis?
RBCs = ?
WBCs = ?
glucose = ?
protein = ?
opening pressure = ?
appearance = ?
A 
CSF findings for viral meningitis?
RBCs = normal
WBCs = increased (mono/lymph)
glucose = normal
protein = normal to increased
opening pressure = normal to increased
appearance = usually clear
43
Q 
CSF findings for aseptic meningitis?
RBCs = ?
WBCs = ?
glucose = ?
protein = ?
opening pressure = ?
appearance = ?
A 
CSF findings for aseptic meningitis?
RBCs = normal
WBCs = increased
glucose = normal
protein = normal to increased
opening pressure = normal
appearance = clear
44
Q 
CSF findings for SAH?
RBCs = ?
WBCs = ?
glucose = ?
protein = ?
opening pressure = ?
appearance = ?
A 
CSF findings for SAH?
RBCs = increased
WBCs = increased
glucose = normal
protein = increased
opening pressure = normal to increased
appearance = yellow to red
45
Q 
CSF findings for GBS?
RBCs = ?
WBCs = ?
glucose = ?
protein = ?
opening pressure = ?
appearance = ?
A 
CSF findings for GBS?
RBCs = normal
WBCs = normal
glucose = normal to increased
protein = increased
opening pressure = normal
appearance = clear to yellow
46
Q 
CSF findings for pseudotumor cerebri?
RBCs = ?
WBCs = ?
glucose = ?
protein = ?
opening pressure = ?
appearance = ?
A 
CSF findings for pseudotumor cerebri?
RBCs = normal
WBCs = normal
glucose = normal
protein = normal
opening pressure = increased
appearance = clear
47
Q

triad of disseminated gonococcal infection?

A

polyarthralgias, tenosynovitis, and vesiculopustular skin lesions

USMLE Rapid Review (16 decks)

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