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step 2 > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

when to prophylax?

A

CD4+
less than 200: Pneumocystis jirovecci
less than 100: toxoplasmosis
less than 50: MAC

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2
Q

Prophylaxis and tx for Pneumocystis pneumonia?

A
  1. TMP-SMX
  2. Dapsone
  3. Atovoquone
  4. pentamidine
  5. clinda + primaquine
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3
Q

Prophylaxis and tx for toxo?

A

see ring-enhancing lesion on MRI

proph: TMP-SMX
tx: pyrimthamine/sulfadoxine + folate

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4
Q

Prophylaxis and tx for MAC?

A

this is AIDS diarrhea

proph: azithromycin
tx: clinda + ethambutol +/- rifampin

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5
Q

the 3 AIDS diarrheas?

A
  1. CMV
  2. MAC
  3. Cryptosporidium parvum
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6
Q

CMV?

A 
AIDS diarrhea
dx: coloscopy w/ biopsy - need to see intranuclear inclusions
diarrhea +/- bloody
tx: ganciclovir (AE: neutropenia) 
or foscarnet (AE: renal tox)
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7
Q

Cryptosporidium parvum?

A

AIDS diarrhea
dx: see acid fast oocysts
watery/mucousy diarrhea

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8
Q

A solitary ring enhancing lesion that doesnt get better with toxo tx?

A

Can be CNS lymphoma

assc with EBV

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9
Q

AIDS pt with seizure and deja-vu aura?

A

HSV encephalitis
see bloody lumbar puncture
likes the temporal lobe
tx: acyclovir ASAP

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10
Q

AIDS meningitis

A

mc: s. pneumo
opportunistic: cryptococcus neoformans
tx for cryptococcus = amphotericin IV 2wks, then fluconazole

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11
Q

cryptococcus neoformans vs cryptosporidium parvum

A 
neoformans = AIDS meningitis (stains + with india ink) 
parvum = AIDS diarrhea ("acid fast oocysts)
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12
Q

Use this for dental endocarditis prophylaxis

what are the indications for dental endocarditis proph?

A

need proph if: hx of prosthetic valve/valve replaced, hx of endocarditis, or hx of uncorrected congen heart lesion

proph with amoxicillin

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13
Q

Does coccidioides need prophylaxis?

A

no. not according to UpToDate

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14
Q

tx: clinda + ethambutol +/- rifampin?

A

MAC diarrhea

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15
Q

tx: pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine + folate?

A

toxo

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16
Q

tx: ganciclovir or foscarnet

A

CMV
ganciclovir (AE: neutropenia)
foscarnet (AE: renal tox)

17
Q

Hydatid cyst disease of the liver?
howd they get it?
whats it called?

A

Hydatid cyst: big liver cyst with little cysts in the middle. May see splenomegaly

origin: sheep (shepherds at high risk) and dog poo

Echinococcosis

18
Q

Pig tape worm?

disease it causes?

A

Taenia solium

causes neurocystocosis

19
Q

Lyme?
what if pt is pregnant?
what if pt is younger than 8?
lyme meningitis?

A

standard - doxy

pregnant, less than 8 =amoxicillin
(can’t have Doxy bc AE = tooth abnormalities)

Lyme meningitis = IV ceftriaxone

remember Lyme = Borrelia Burgdorferi

20
Q

epididymitis:
young men, sexually active (up to 35)
old dudes?

A

young: chlamydia mc
old: E.coli

remember Prehn sign (relief of pain with elevation of the testiticle) hints at epididymitis as dx

step 2 (19 decks)

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