Cardio

Question 1

Name some afterload reducers

Answer 1

• ACEi
• Nitro
• Nitroprusside
• Amlodipine, Nifedipine (dihydropyradine CCB)
• Hydralazine (direct arteriole relaxation)

Question 2

When would you use an afterload reducer?

Answer 2

• Systolic HTN
• Left sided heart failure
• Acute Mitral Regurg
• Angina

Question 3

new onset aFib mc causes?

Answer 3

HTN and atherosclerotic disease

Question 4

stable patient who has been in AFib for 24-48H

Answer 4

• needs warfarin 4weeks before and 4 weeks after cardioversion
• (cardioversion is the most effective way to return to sinus rhythm in patient who are persistently symptomatic)
• if there is a patient in unstable AFib cardiovert asap

Question 5

MC cause of 2ndary HTN

Answer 5

Renal a. Stenosis

Question 6

CHADS2 criteria, scoring, and what to do

Answer 6

This is for pt with AFib

• CHF – 1pt
• HTN – 1pt
• Age 75+ – 1pt
• DM – 1pt
• Stroke – 2pt
• Score of 2 or 2+ need warfarin
• Score 0-1 use aspirin

Question 7

MC cause of death after MI?

Answer 7

arrythmia

Question 8

Post MI Complications (timeline)

Answer 8

Question 9

New murmur after 5-7 days post-MI?

Answer 9

Papillary m. rupture (mitral regurg?)

can happen 2d - 1 week later

Question 10

new murmur and severe hypotension 1wk post-MI?

Answer 10

ventricular free wall rupture

can occur up to 2 weeks post MI

Question 11

“step up” in O2 from RA to RV?

Answer 11

septal rupture

occures hours-1wk s/p MI

Question 12

persistant STE and a systolic murmur s/p MI

Answer 12

ventricular aneurysm

(occurs 5days - 3 months out)

Question 13

Give this to treat cardiogenic shock

Answer 13

Dopamine or Dobutamine

Beta-1 agonists that increase cardiac contractility