Infectious Disease Flashcards
3 MCC of fever of unknown origin (FUO)
Infection, cancer, and autoimmune dz
4 signs and sx of streptococcal pharyngitis
Fever, pharyngeal erythema, tonsillar exudate, lack of cough
Nonsuppurative complication of strep infection that is not altered by treatment of 1` infection
Postinfectious glomerulonephritis
Most common predisposing factor for acute sinusitis
Viral URI
Asplenic pts are particularly susceptible to these organisms.
Encapsulated organisms - pneumococcus, meningococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella
Number of bacteria needed on a clean-catch specimen to dx a UTI
10^5 bacteria/mL
Which healthy population is susceptible to UTIs?
Pregnant women. Tx this group aggressively b/c of potential complications.
Pt from California or Arizona presents w/ fever, malaise, cough, and night sweats. Dx? Tx?
Coccidioidomycosis; amphotericin B
Nonpainful chancre
1` syphillis
A “blueberry muffin” is characteristic of what congenital infection?
Rubella
Meningitis in neonates. Causes? Tx?
Group B strep (GBS), E. coli, Listeria. Tx w/ gentamicin and ampicillin
Meningitis in infants. Causes? Tx?
Pneumococcus, meningococcus, H influenzae. Tx w/ cefotaxime and vancomycin
What should always be done prior to LP?
Check for increased ICP; look for papilledema
CSF findings: Low glucose, PMN predominance
Bacterial meningitis
CSF findings: Normal glucose, lymphocytic predominance
Aseptic (viral) meningitis
CSF findings: Numerous RBCs in serial CSF samples
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
CSF findings: increased gamma globulins
MS
Initially presents w/ pruritic papule w/ regional lymphadenopathy; evolves into a black eschar after 7-10 days. Tx?
Cutaneous anthrax. Tx w/ penicillin G or ciprofloxacin
Findings in 3` syphillis
Tabes dorsalis, general paresis, gummas, Argyll Roberson pupil, aortitis, aortic root aneurysms.
Characteristics of 2` Lyme dz
Arthralgias, migratory polyarthropathies, Bell’s palsy, myocarditis
Cold agglutinins
Mycoplasma
24 y/o man presents w/ soft white plaques on his tongue and the back of his throat. Dx? Workup? Tx?
Candidal thrush. Workup should include an HIV test. Tx w/ nystatin oral suspension.
At what CD4 count should Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis by initiated in an HIV-(+) pt?
= 200 for P jiroveci w/ TMP-SMX
At what CD4 count should Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) pneumonia prophylaxis by initiated in an HIV-(+) pt?
= 50-100 for MAI w/ clarithromycin/azithromycin
