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Step 2 Rapid Review > Emergency Medicine > Flashcards

Emergency Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Class of drugs that may cause syndrome of muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, autonomic instability, and extrapyramidal sx

A

Antipsychotics (neuroleptic malignant syndrome)

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2
Q

Side effects of corticosteroids

A

Acute mania, immunosuppression, thin skin, osteoporosis, easy bruising, myopathies

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3
Q

Treatment for DTs

A

Benzodiazepines

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4
Q

Tx for acetaminophen overdose

A

N-acetylcysteine

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5
Q

Tx for opioid overdose

A

Naloxone

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6
Q

Tx for benzodiazepine overdose

A

Flumazenil

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7
Q

Tx for neuroleptic malignant syndrome and malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

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8
Q

Tx for malignant hypertension

A

Nitroprusside

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9
Q

Tx of atrial fibrillation

A

Rate control, rhythm conversion, and anticoagulation

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10
Q

Tx of supraventricular tachycardia

A

If stable, rate control w/ carotid massage or other vagal stimulation; if unsuccessful, consider adenosine

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11
Q

Causes of drug-induced SLE

A

INH, penicillamine, hydralazine, procainamide, chlorpromazine, methyldopa, quinidine

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12
Q

Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia w/ neurologic sx

A

B12 deficiency

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13
Q

Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia w/o neurologic sx

A

Folate deficiency

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14
Q

A burn pt presents w/ cherry-red, flushed skin and coma. SaO2 is normal, but carboxyhemoglobin is elevated. Tx?

A

Treat CO poisoning with 100% O2 or with hyperbaric O2 if poisoning is severe or the pt is pregnant

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15
Q

Blood in the urethral meatus or high-riding prostate

A

Bladder rupture or urethral injury

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16
Q

Test to r/o urethral injury

A

Retrograde cystourethrogram

17
Q

Radiographic evidence of aortic disruption or dissection

A

Widened meiastinum (>8 cm), loss of aortic knob, pleural cap, tracheal deviation to the right, depression of left main stem bronchus

18
Q

The most common organism in burn-related infections

A

Pseudomonas

19
Q

Method of calculating fluid repletion in burn patients

A

Parkland formula: 24-hour fluids = 4 x kg x % BSA

20
Q

Acceptable urine output in a trauma patient

A

50 cc/hr

21
Q

Acceptable urine output in a stable patient

A

30 cc/hr

22
Q

Signs of neurogenic shock

A

Hypotension and bradycardia

23
Q

Signs of increased ICP (Cushing’s triad)

A

Hypertension, bradycardia, and abnormal respirations

24
Q

Decreased CO, decreased PCWP, Increased peripheral vascular resistance (PVR)

A

Hypovolemic shock

25
Q

Decreased CO, Increased PCWP, Increased PVR

A

Cardiogenic (or obstructive) shock

26
Q

Increased CO, Decreased PCWP, Decreased PVR

A

Septic or anaphylactic shock

27
Q

Tx of septic shock

A

Fluids and abx

28
Q

Tx of cardiogenic shock

A

Identify cause; pressors (eg, dopamine)

29
Q

Tx of hypovolemic shock

A

Identify cause; fluid and blood repletion

30
Q

Tx of anaphylactic shock

A

Diphenhydramine or epinephrine 1:1000

31
Q

Supportive tx for ARDS

A

Continuous positive airway pressure

32
Q

Signs of air embolism

A

A patient w/ chest trauma who was previously stable suddenly dies

33
Q

Absent breath sounds, dullness to percussion, shock, flat neck veins

A

Massive hemothorax

34
Q

Absent breath sounds, tracheal deviation, shock, distended neck veins

A

Tension pneumothorax

35
Q

Tx for blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma in hemodynamically unstable pts

A

Immediate exploratory laparotomy

36
Q

Increased ICP in alcoholics or the elderly following head trauma. Can be acute or chronic; crescent shape on CT

A

Subdural hematoma

37
Q

Head trauma w/ immediate loss of consciousness followed by a lucid interval and then rapid deterioration. Convex shape on CT

A

Epidural hematoma

Step 2 Rapid Review (17 decks)

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