Endocrinology Flashcards
MCC of hypothyroidism
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Lab findings in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
High TSH, low 4, anti-TPO antibodies
Exophthalmos, pretibial myxedema, and decreased TSH
Grave’s dz
MCC of Cushing’s syndrome
Iatrogenic corticosteroid administration. 2nd MCC is Cushing’s dz
Pt presents w/ signs of hypocalcemia, high phosphorus, and low PTH
Hypoparathyroidism
Stones, bones, groans, and psychiatric overtones
Signs and sx of hypercalcemia
A pt c/o HA, weakness, and polyuria; examination reveals HTN and tetany. Labs show hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis.
Primary hyperaldosteronism (due to Conn’s syndrome or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia)
Pt presents w/ tachycardia, wild swings in BP, HA, diaphoresis, AMS, and a sense of panic
Pheochromocytoma
Which should be used first in tx pheochromocytoma, alpa or beta-antagonists?
Alpha-antagonists (phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine)
Pt w/ hx of lithium presents with copious amounts of dilute urine
Nephrogenic diabetes inspidus (DI)
Tx of central DI
Administration of DDAVP and free-water retention
Postop pt w/ significant pain presents w/ hyponatremia and normal volume status
SIADH due to stress
An antidiabetic agent a/w lactic acidosis
Metformin
Pt presents w/ weakness, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and new skin pigmentation. Labs show hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Tx?
Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s dz). Tx w/ glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and IV fluids.
Goal HbA1C for a pt w/ DM
