Infections of the Urinary Tract (Exam 4)

Question 1

Most common cause of UTIs?

Answer 1

E. coli

Question 2

What gender experiences more UTIs?

Answer 2

Females

Question 3

Symptoms of UTIs?

Answer 3

Dysuria, urinary frequency, flank pain, fever

Question 4

What is pyelonephritis?

Answer 4

Inflammation of the kidney due to ascending UTI

Question 5

What physical exam finding is positive in pyelonephritis?

Answer 5

CVA tenderness

Question 6

What cell casts are present during pyelonephritis?

Answer 6

WBC casts

Question 7

Treatment for pyelonephritis?

Answer 7

IV or PO antibiotics 10-14 days targeted to organism.

Question 8

Urinalysis findings in UTI/pyelonephritis?

Answer 8

Alkaline pH (high), + leukocyte esterase, + nitrite, +/- hematuria

Question 9

What is the difference between cystitis and UTI?

Answer 9

In cystitis, infection reaches the bladder

Question 10

A UTI can be classified as complicated the patient has at least 1 of the following: (10)

Answer 10

Predisposing conditions
Male sex
Elderly
Pregnancy
Previous hospitalization
Indwelling catheter
Recent treatment with abx
Symptoms > 7 days
Functional or abnormal anatomy of urinary tract
Recent UTI

Question 11

Describe an uncomplicated UTI patient.

Answer 11

Healthy, non-pregnant, pre-menopausal, intact urinary tract system

Question 12

Treatment for uncomplicated UTI?

Answer 12

Short course of antibiotics - 3 days

Question 13

Treatment for complicated UTIs?

Answer 13

7-10 days of antibiotics

Question 14

Antibiotic options for UTIs?

Answer 14

Nitrofurantoin, cipro, levaquin, bactrim, amoxicillin, cephaliexin

Question 15

What antibiotic works only in the bladder?

Answer 15

Nitrofurantoin

Question 16

When should you use caution with nitrofurantoin?

Answer 16

Poor renal function
elderly patients (Beers criteria)

Question 17

What antibiotics for UTIs are safe in pregnancy?

Answer 17

Amoxicillin

Cephalexin