Infections and STDs (1) Flashcards
pathogenesis of Urethritis caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae
invasive; pili assist adherence;
antigenic variation; antiphagocytic;
IgA protease
pathogenesis of Urethritis caused by chlaymdia trachomatis
obligate intracellular in epithelial cells;
CMI and DTH cause scarring
pathogenesis of Urethritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum
urease raises pH of urine => struvite stones
pathogenesis of Urethritis caused by trichomonas vaginalis
unknown, PMN filtrate
diagnosis of urethritis caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae
Gram neg diplococci in PMNs;
growth on Thayer-Martin agar;
DNA probes
diagnosis of urethritis caused by chlamydia trachomatis
tissue culture;
glycogen-containing inclusion bodies in cytoplasm
diagnosis of urethritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum
Not gram staining;
diagnosed by exclusion, urinary pH
diagnosis of urethritis caused by trichomonas vaginalis
flagellated protozoan;
corkscrew motility
Case vignette and key clues of urethritis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Gram neg diplococci in PMNs in urethral exudate
Case vignette and key clues of urethritis caused by chlamydia trachomatis
Culture neg;
inclusion bodies
Case vignette and key clues of urethritis caused by ureaplasma urealyticum
urease positive;
no cell wall
Case vignette and key clues of urethritis caused by trichomonas vaginalis
flagellated protozoan w/ corkscrew motility
Case vignette and key clues of cystitis caused by E. coli and other gram neg enterics
painful urination; hematuria; fever
Case vignette and key clues of cystitis caused by staphylococcus and saprophyticus
painful urination; hematuria; fever=>
young, newly-sexually active female => “honeymoon cystitis”
Case vignette and key clues of cystitis caused by proteus spp
painful urination; hematuria; fever =>
increased urinary pH
pathogenesis of cystitis caused by E. coli or other gram neg enterics
Pili, adhesins, motility;
many are Beta hemolytic
pathogenesis of cystitis caused by Staphylococcus or saprophyticus
sexual intercourse introduces normal flora organisms into urethra
pathogenesis of cystitis caused by proteus spp
urease raises urinary pH => predisposes to struvite stones
Diagnosis of cystitis caused by E. coli or other gram neg enterics
culture of urine > 10^5 CFU/mL of gram neg rods in urine
Diagnosis of cystitis caused by staphylococcus or saprophyticus
culture of urine w/ gram pos cocci
Diagnosis of cystitis caused by proteus spp
urine culture;
lactose non fermenting gram neg bacilli w/ swarming motility
Case vignette and key clues for pyelonephritis
painful urination; hematuria; fever =>
flank pain and fever
most common agents for pyelonephritis
E. coli;
Staphylococcus
pathogenesis of pyelonephritis
strictures; urinary stasis allowing colonization
Cervicitis case vignette or key clues
friable, inflamed cervix w/ mucopurulent discharge for all types
pathogenesis for cervicitis from neisseria gonorrhoeae
invades mucosa; PMN infiltration;
pili;
IgA protease
pathogenesis for cervicitis from chlamydia
obligate intracellular;
CMI and DTH => scarring
pathogenesis for cervicitis from HSV
vesicular lesions;
painful
Diagnosis of cervicitis from n. gonorrhoeae
gram neg diplococci;
Thayer Martin agar
Diagnosis of cervicitis from Chlaymida
tissue culture;
cytoplasmic inclusion bodies
Diagnosis of cervicitis from HSV
dsDNA, nuclear envelope, icosahedral;
Tzanck smear;
intranuclear inclusion bodies
