Infections and STDs (1)

Question 1

pathogenesis of Urethritis caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer 1

invasive; pili assist adherence;
antigenic variation; antiphagocytic;
IgA protease

Question 2

pathogenesis of Urethritis caused by chlaymdia trachomatis

Answer 2

obligate intracellular in epithelial cells;

CMI and DTH cause scarring

Question 3

pathogenesis of Urethritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum

Answer 3

urease raises pH of urine => struvite stones

Question 4

pathogenesis of Urethritis caused by trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 4

unknown, PMN filtrate

Question 5

diagnosis of urethritis caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer 5

Gram neg diplococci in PMNs;
growth on Thayer-Martin agar;
DNA probes

Question 6

diagnosis of urethritis caused by chlamydia trachomatis

Answer 6

tissue culture;

glycogen-containing inclusion bodies in cytoplasm

Question 7

diagnosis of urethritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum

Answer 7

Not gram staining;

diagnosed by exclusion, urinary pH

Question 8

diagnosis of urethritis caused by trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 8

flagellated protozoan;

corkscrew motility

Question 9

Case vignette and key clues of urethritis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer 9

Gram neg diplococci in PMNs in urethral exudate

Question 10

Case vignette and key clues of urethritis caused by chlamydia trachomatis

Answer 10

Culture neg;

inclusion bodies

Question 11

Case vignette and key clues of urethritis caused by ureaplasma urealyticum

Answer 11

urease positive;

no cell wall

Question 12

Case vignette and key clues of urethritis caused by trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 12

flagellated protozoan w/ corkscrew motility

Question 13

Case vignette and key clues of cystitis caused by E. coli and other gram neg enterics

Answer 13

painful urination; hematuria; fever

Question 14

Case vignette and key clues of cystitis caused by staphylococcus and saprophyticus

Answer 14

painful urination; hematuria; fever=>

young, newly-sexually active female => “honeymoon cystitis”

Question 15

Case vignette and key clues of cystitis caused by proteus spp

Answer 15

painful urination; hematuria; fever =>

increased urinary pH

Question 16

pathogenesis of cystitis caused by E. coli or other gram neg enterics

Answer 16

Pili, adhesins, motility;

many are Beta hemolytic

Question 17

pathogenesis of cystitis caused by Staphylococcus or saprophyticus

Answer 17

sexual intercourse introduces normal flora organisms into urethra

Question 18

pathogenesis of cystitis caused by proteus spp

Answer 18

urease raises urinary pH => predisposes to struvite stones

Question 19

Diagnosis of cystitis caused by E. coli or other gram neg enterics

Answer 19

culture of urine > 10^5 CFU/mL of gram neg rods in urine

Question 20

Diagnosis of cystitis caused by staphylococcus or saprophyticus

Answer 20

culture of urine w/ gram pos cocci

Question 21

Diagnosis of cystitis caused by proteus spp

Answer 21

urine culture;

lactose non fermenting gram neg bacilli w/ swarming motility

Question 22

Case vignette and key clues for pyelonephritis

Answer 22

painful urination; hematuria; fever =>

flank pain and fever

Question 23

most common agents for pyelonephritis

Answer 23

E. coli;

Staphylococcus

Question 24

pathogenesis of pyelonephritis

Answer 24

strictures; urinary stasis allowing colonization

Question 25

Cervicitis case vignette or key clues

Answer 25

friable, inflamed cervix w/ mucopurulent discharge for all types

Question 26

pathogenesis for cervicitis from neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer 26

invades mucosa; PMN infiltration;
pili;
IgA protease

Question 27

pathogenesis for cervicitis from chlamydia

Answer 27

obligate intracellular;

CMI and DTH => scarring

Question 28

pathogenesis for cervicitis from HSV

Answer 28

vesicular lesions;

painful

Question 29

Diagnosis of cervicitis from n. gonorrhoeae

Answer 29

gram neg diplococci;

Thayer Martin agar

Question 30

Diagnosis of cervicitis from Chlaymida

Answer 30

tissue culture;

cytoplasmic inclusion bodies

Question 31

Diagnosis of cervicitis from HSV

Answer 31

dsDNA, nuclear envelope, icosahedral;
Tzanck smear;
intranuclear inclusion bodies