infections and antibioticcs

Question 1

What are the typical types of pneumonia?

What is the most common?

What are important facts about it?

Answer 1

Streptococcus pneumonia- gram positive - diplococci

Hamophilus influenza - COPD patient

Klebsiella - old pserson

Staphylococcus aureus- viral infection becomes bacterial

Question 2

What are the most likely bug to cause this pneumonia:

Old person or alcholic

Answer 2

Klebsiella

Question 3

What are the most likely bug to cause this pneumonia:

COPD patient

Answer 3

Haemophilus influenza

Question 4

What are the most likely bug to cause this pneumonia:

post viral infection

Answer 4

staphylococcus

Question 5

What are the most likely bug to cause this pneumonia:

most common in general

Answer 5

streptococcus pneumonia

Question 6

What are the most likely bug to cause this pneumonia:

Bird keeper

Answer 6

Chlamydia

Question 7

What are the most likely bug to cause this pneumonia:

traveller on airplane with airconditioning

Answer 7

Legionella

Question 8

What are the most likely bug to cause this pneumonia:

Whooping cough

Answer 8

bordatella pertusis

Question 9

What are the most likely bug to cause this pneumonia:

HIV infected person

Answer 9

PCP

TB

cryptococcus neoformants

Question 10

What are the most likely bug to cause this pneumonia:

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 10

pseudomona aeruginosa

Question 11

How do you treat Pneumonia?

Answer 11

CURB 65

COnfusion, Urea >7, Resp rate, BP less than 90, over the age of 65

IF CURB score is 0 - wait

1- Amoxicillin

2-3 Co- moxiclav

>4 Co -moxiclav = clarithromycin

Question 12

Someone has a bacterial skin infection how do you treat?

MRSA -

MRSA +

Answer 12

MRSA - Flucoxacillin

MRSA + VAncomycin

Question 13

What is pneuomina with the pathogen mycoplasma Pnuemonia associated with?

Answer 13

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Steven johnson syndrome (initially erythema multiforme rash -> blistering rash)

Question 14

What are the most likely bug to cause this pneumonia:

someone had a splenectomy

Answer 14

encapsulated bacteria: pneumococcus, haemophilus

Question 15

Someone has Gastroenteritis: What bug caused this?

Student has eaten canned beans and a lot of canned food

Answer 15

Clostridium Botulinum

Question 16

Someone has Gastroenteritis: What bug caused this?

Had a recent course of atibiotics

Answer 16

clostridium difficle

Question 17

Someone has diarrhea: What bug caused this?

reheated rice diarhhea wihtin 4 hours

Answer 17

bacelleus cerus

Question 18

Someone has Gastroenteritis: What bug caused this?

eaten egg and poultry

Answer 18

salmonella

Question 19

Someone has Gastroenteritis: What bug caused this?

has anaemia, thrombocytipenua, and renal failure

Answer 19

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome

-> E coli

Question 20

Someone has Gastroenteritis: What bug caused this?

recentrly had cheese

Answer 20

Listeria monocytogenese

Question 21

Someone has Gastroenteritis: What bug caused this?

returning traveller with rice watery stool

Answer 21

vibrio cholera

Question 22

How do yout treat UTI’s?

Answer 22

Nitrofuritoin

or trimethoprim

Question 23

What would you see on a urine dipstick test?

Answer 23

You should see:

Nitrites

haematuria

leukocytes

Question 24

Someone has diarrhea: What bug caused this?

has eaten unpasterised food

What are associated symptoms ?

Answer 24

campylobacter jujeni-

ASsociated with reactive artheritis: can’t see, can’t pee and can’t climb a tree

and Guillain barre syndrome

Question 25

What are strep infections/ rheumatic fever treated with? What are the symptoms?

Answer 25

PEN V Symptoms: fever, choreic movement

Question 26

What are the Risk factors for infective endocarditis What is the scaling used for it? What are the bugs causing it? what are the symptoms

Answer 26

**What are the Risk factors for infective endocarditis?** Recent dental care- Strep virrodans IVDU- staph aureus **What is the scaling used for it?** Dukes: Devided in MAJORS (2 positive blood culteres, new murmur, echo shows it) and MINORS (poditive echo with no other test showing anything, 1 postiive blood culture, immunological signs, fever, predisposing condition) **What are the bugs causing it?** **what are the symptoms?** new murmur, fever, roth spots, splinter haemorrhoage, Osloer nodes and Janeway lesions

Question 27

What is the treatment for c difficile?

Answer 27

Vancomycin oral (baddly absorbed so stays in the gut) Iv IG Faecal transplants

Question 28

What are causes of toxic megacolon?

Answer 28

1. c diff 2. Crohn's or Ulcerative collitis