Infant Feeding Part 2 Flashcards
Q: How much fluid should a newborn receive on days 1 to 4 of life?
Day 1: 60 ml/kg/day
Day 2: 90 ml/kg/day
Day 3: 120 ml/kg/day
Day 4: 150 ml/kg/day
Q: How do you calculate percent weight loss in an infant?
(BirthWeight−CurrentWeight)÷BirthWeight × 100
Q: What is the normal weight loss percentage for newborns in the first week?
A: Less than 10% of birth weight.
Q: What are the signs of underfeeding in babies?
Weight loss >10% or drop of 2 growth chart centiles.
Signs of dehydration (e.g., dry mucous membranes, reduced wet nappies).
Q: What are common feeding-related conditions in infants?
A:
Jaundice
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Colic
Cow’s milk protein intolerance
Lactose intolerance
Q: What are the fluid requirements for maintenance in children?
A:
1st 10 kg: 100 ml/kg
Next 10 kg: 50 ml/kg
Remaining kg: 20 ml/kg
Q: Define “fluid deficit” and provide the formula for its calculation.
Fluid deficit: The amount of fluid lost due to dehydration.
Deficit = % dehydration x weight (kg) x 10
= fluid deficit in mls corrected over 48 hours
Q: What are mild, moderate, and severe dehydration percentages?
Mild: 1-5%
Moderate: 6-10%
Severe: >10%
Q: When do you administer IV fluids to children?
A:
Dehydration
Reduced intake
Increased output (renal/GI losses)
Persistent vomiting
Shock
Q: What are the clinical signs of shock in children?
A:
Tachycardia, weak pulse
Tachypnea
Prolonged capillary refill
Altered mental state
Cold extremities, pale/mottled skin
Q: What IV fluids are used for maintenance and rehydration?
Isotonic solutions: 0.9% Sodium Chloride or Plasmalyte
Q: How is hypernatremia corrected in pediatric patients?
A:
Over 48 hours to avoid cerebral edema.
Not more than 0.5 mmol/L/hour.
Q: What is the urine output target for children?
Infants: ≥2 ml/kg/hour
Toddlers: ≥1.5 ml/kg/hour
Older children: ≥1 ml/kg/hour
