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Psychology 30 > Infancy & Childhood > Flashcards

Infancy & Childhood Flashcards

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1
Q

Balances the need to explore and be close.

A

Secure attachment

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2
Q

The infants don’t seem to care if mom leaves, but reject her, or get angry when she returns.

A

Resistant Attachment

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3
Q

Involves infants that ignore or avoid their mother

A

Avoidant attachment

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4
Q

The infants behave inconsistently, they are all over the place, seem confused and insecure.

A

Disorganized attachment

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5
Q

Parents who attempt to control, shape, and evaluate the behavior and attitudes of their children in adolescence in accordance with a set of codes of conducts (my way or the highway)

A

Authoritarian parents

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6
Q

Parents who allow their children in adolescence to participate in discussions and decisions affecting their lives

A

Democratic/Authoritative parents

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7
Q

Parents who let their children in adolescence have the final say, the parent are less controlling and have a non-punishing accepting attitude towards children

A

Permissive parents

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8
Q

Parents who are typically egocentric in their child rearing, and attitudes toward their children

A

Uninvolved parents

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9
Q

Refers to the physical or mental injury, sexual abuse or negligent treatment or mistreatment of children under the abs of 18.

A

Child abuse

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10
Q

Children’s play that involves assuming adult behaviour and positions

A

Role-taking

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11
Q

The process of redirecting sexual impulse energy into learning tasks

A

Sublimation

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12
Q

A way to learn social development where kids learn the rules in a fun relaxing way without fear of rejection

A

Children’s game

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13
Q

The process by which a child adopts the values and principles of their same sex parent

A

Identification

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14
Q

Light periods in which an individual’s goal is to satisfy desires associated with social needs

A

Psycho social development

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15
Q

Matching

A

Part two

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16
Q

The principle that a given quantity does not change when it’s appearance changes (cups of milk)

A

Conservation

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17
Q

The internally programmed growth of a child

A

Maturation

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18
Q

Infants die mysteriously in their sleep

A

Sudden infant death syndrome

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19
Q

A young child’s inability to understand another’s perspective

A

Egocentric

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20
Q

An infants realization that an object exists, even when he or she can’t see or touch it

A

Object permanence

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21
Q

The process of learning the rules of behavior of a particular culture.

A

Socialization

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22
Q

The adjustment of ones schema, to include newly observed events and experiences.

A

Accomodation

23
Q

A conceptional framework that a person uses to make sense of the world (ex. dogs) The concept

A

Schema

24
Q

A deep, caring, close, and enduring emotional bond between infant and caregiver

A

Attachment

25
Q

When children use the same grammar rules for all situations, such as not distinguishing the past differences or regular and irregular verbs

A

Overgeneralization

26
Q

A relatively permanent change in behaviour, resulting from responses that change, as a result of experience

A

Learning

27
Q

When children learning a language convey meaning using only the basic words in the sentence. Just subject, verb, object. Me want cookie.

A

Telegraphic speech

28
Q

Babies put their hands and their mouths on things to obtain comfort

A

Tactile touch

29
Q

When kids are ready to learn and master a new skill

A

Maturational readiness

30
Q

The study of changes that occur as an individual matures

A

Developmental psychology

31
Q

The intellectual ability of a child to picture something in his or her mind

A

Representational thought

32
Q

The process of fitting objects, and experiences together into one schema

A

Assimilation

33
Q

Part 3

A

Matching reflexes

34
Q

When placed on the back, with the head turned towards one side, the baby stretches out its arm and leg on the facing side.

A

Tonic neck

35
Q

Reflects or portrays a person or object, touching the bottom of the babies feet.

A

Babinski

36
Q

Baby closes his eyes in response to light or something approaching the eye

A

Blinking

37
Q

This reflex portrays an infants response in turning towards the source of touching that occurs around its mouth

A

Rooting

38
Q

Babies make walking motions if held upright so the feet just touch the surface

A

Stepping/dancing

39
Q

Portrays an infants clinging response to a touch on the palm of his/her hand

A

Grasping

40
Q

Portrays an infant lying on its back, when startled by a loud noise, out of sight, above head, it will spread its arms at right angles to body, grasp upward, and spread its legs outward (spread eagle)

A

Moro or startle

41
Q

Teens and young adults sexual desires are renewed. Individuals seek relationships in which they can give and take pleasure

A

Genital stage

42
Q

Pleasure or comfort is obtained through the mouth by sucking

A

Oral stage

43
Q

Children focus on the genitals, they seek the attention and affection of the different sex parents, and take on process of identifying with the same sex parent, internalizing values and morals

A

Phallic stage

44
Q

Grade ones put away the sexual concepts, reprising or directing the energy to exploring the world and learning

A

Latency stage

45
Q

Pleasure is obtained through elimination, as children learn to control physically and socially

A

Anal stage

46
Q

Part 4

A

Long answer

47
Q

What is the most effective parenting style and why?

A

Democratic or Authoritative, because the children learn to handle responsibility, and they identify with their parents in decision making. They assume a cohesive identity sooner.

48
Q

What is the average newborn height and weight?

A

7.3 pounds and are approximately 18-22 inches (20ish) long

49
Q

What’s their height and weight by their first birthday?

A

They triple their weight

50
Q

What researches use with newborn infants to gauge responses?

A
  • eye movements and sucking motions
  • expressions of pleasure and displeasure

Giggling=like
Cry=dislike

51
Q

The visual cliff

The table thing

A

When young infants (4-6 months) experience the visual cliff situation, even though their moms are coaching them to attempt to cross and come, they will be puzzled and confused. Will most likely go through. Older (7-10 months) they won’t come from fear of falling down there and getting hurt.

52
Q

Kohlberg’s stages of moral development. Stage 1:

A

Pre-conventional: obedience and punishment. Children are all about themselves, egocentric. Will do things for rewards.

53
Q

Kohlberg’s stages of moral development. Stage 2:

A

Conventional: they are “people pleasers”. There is a strong belief in rules and order. Some people never go beyond this stage

54
Q

Kohlberg’s stages of moral development. Stage 3:

A

Post-conventional: higher stage of morality. Being the best they can be, making differences in the world. Doing things because they are the right thing to do. Want the benefit of the common good. Justice and empathy are their main focus.

Psychology 30 (9 decks)

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