Adolescence Test Review Flashcards
Combining or blending traditionally male and female characteristics.
Androgynous
Groups consisting of people with similar positions in socio economic class
Class lines
A set of behaviours organized around how either a male or female should think and behave
Gender Schema
An oversimplified or distorted generalization about the characteristics of men and women
Gender Stereotypes
The set of behaviours that society considers appropriate for each gender
Gender Role
Acting in accordance with some specified authority
Conformity
The neurotransmitter chemical that makes people feel happier
Seratonin
An integrated sense of self
Identity
How much one likes oneself
Self-esteem
Often based on good looks, personality, and athletic ability.
Popularity
Acts of running away, teen pregnancy, alcohol, drug abuse, which leads to under achievement in school
Juvenile Delinquency
A period of conflict in which adolescence worry intensely about who they are
Identity Crisis
Focuses on how we perceive, organize, and use information
Social Learning Theory
A small exclusive group of people within a larger group,
Clique
Freud says this is a result rather than the cause of identification
Gender Typing
The sex group masculine or feminine to which an individual biologically belongs
Gender Identity
Part 2
Part 2
The term for the first ejaculation
Spermarche
A hormone imbalance that produces premature puberty
Precocious Puberty
This psychologist said that identity is the key to adolescent development
Erikson
Ceremonies or rituals in which an individual is admitted new status, or accepted to new position.
Initiation rites
The point at which reproduction is first possible, at end of childhood
Puberty
Many teens get into thinking about “what if “ in order to understand and offer suggestions towards world conditions
Hypothetical
The term for the first menstrual period
Menarche
Examining ones own thoughts and motives
Introspection
This psychologist thought that adolescence is a rough time of storm and stress, confusion, and frustration
Hall
Adolescence who believe they can save the world from evil
Messiah Complex
The condition of uneven growth, or maturity of body parts
Asynchrony
This psychologist considers adolescence to be an enjoyable, positive, healthy experience for most
Mead
This psychologist says that peers teach us how to behave in the world, but parents supply the environment
Harris
An individual’s attempt to explain unpleasant emotion or situation that will preserve his or her self-esteem
Rationalization
Rites of passage
Birthdays, bar mitzvahs, bat mitzvah, graduations, weddings, etc.
Havinghursts 9 Developmental Tasks
- Accepting one’s physical makeup and gender role
- Developing appropriate relationships with peers of both sexes
- Becoming emotionally independent of parents
- Becoming economically independent
- Deciding on, and preparing a career
Factors that determine whether adolescence will be turbulent, or good:
- Individuals adjustment in childhood (elementary schools etc)
- The levels of adjustment of their parents and peers
- The changes that occur during adolescence, physiologically and cognitively
Puberty ages for girls:
8 and 10
Puberty for boys:
9 and 16
Early Maturation in boys:
- become “heroes in sports
- leaders in social activities
- girls are attracted to them, have “crushes”
- adults trust them more, see them as more mature
- more self confident
Early Maturation in girls:
- more popular
- boys are attracted to them
- have a more favourable body image (depending on culture)
- adults treat them more maturely
Factors that bring on early menstruation
- stress/family stress that brings on behavioural, and psychological problems.
- Slower metabolism-making them gain weight, triggering early menstruation due to the more fat, that can sustain a fetus
Education correlated to cognitive ability
- varies with social and economic classes
- varies with other nations due to differences in formal education
- illiterate people cannot separate thought from reality, so they don’t reach advanced levels of thinking
Problems related to work:
- less time to study
- can create false ideas about money
- gain false impressions/ideas of the workplace (low paying and unchallenging)
- experience a false sense of affluation
Warning signs of Depression and Suicide
- engage in risk taking behaviour (and get involved with drugs and alcohol)
- withdrawal from friends
- self-criticism
- talking about death and suicide
- Greatest danger is when it seems to be lifting, and the individual is at peace
(Adolescent) Rejection of independence and individuation:
- depend on parents to meet needs physically, financially, and socially
- hinder a cohesive identity
- lack of self-identity
(Parents) Rejection:
- an excessive emotional attachment
- emotional dependent
- have worries about themselves as they aged
Hormone Diagram
Pineal Gland (Brain) Pituitary Gland (By ear) Parathyroid Gland (Top neck) Thyroid Gland (neck) Thymus Gland (lung) Adrenal Gland (top of kidney) Pancreas (between kidneys) Ovaries (female) Testes (Male)
