Industrialization

Question 1

Homestead Act 1862

Answer 1

Provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it. Encouraged westward migration.

Question 2

Reason why the Louisiana Territory was valuable

Answer 2

Access to the Mississippi River

Access to the port in New Orleans

Question 3

Manifest Destiny

Answer 3

Belief that Americans had the right to spread across the continent.

Question 4

Lewis and Clark Expedition

Answer 4

Expedition to learn more about the Louisiana Territory

Question 5

Pacific Railway Act

Answer 5

legislation to encourage the construction of a transcontinental railroad, connecting the West to industries in the Northeast (Union Pacific and Central Pacific RR)

Question 6

Trail of Tears

Answer 6

forced journey of the Cherokee Indians from Georgia to a region west of the Mississippi during which thousands of Cherokees died

Question 7

Assembly Line

Answer 7

Production method that breaks down a complex job into a series of smaller tasks
Used by Henry Ford to create a more affordable car

Question 8

Social Darwinism

Answer 8

A social theory which states that the level a person rises to in society and wealth is determined by their genetic background.
Used by corporation to justify monopolies

Question 9

Standard Oil Trust

Answer 9

Rockefeller’s oil monopoly in 1881, He owned 90% of the oil refinery business
Used this to control prices and limit competition

Question 10

robber barron

Answer 10

Cruel ruthless leaders of big businesses who would not stop at nothing to achieve great wealth.

Question 11

Impact of the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) and the Sherman Antitrust Act

Answer 11

The federal government is allowed to step in and regular businesses

Question 12

Monopoly (Trust)

Answer 12

Complete control of a product or business by one person or group.
There is no competition, which is great for the company but a bad thing for the consumer

Question 13

Investment Capital

Answer 13

money from investors

Question 14

Advantage of a corporation over a privately owned business

Answer 14

They receive large amounts of investment Capital

Question 15

Leaders of Big Business who used harsh tactics in the oil, steel and banking industries

Answer 15

John Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and J. P. Morgan

Question 16

The Gilded Age

Answer 16

Mark Twain used this term to describe the late 1800s in the United States to describe the extreme levels of wealth and poverty

Question 17

Benefit of the Erie Canal

Answer 17

Linked the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean

Question 18

Impact of transcontinental railroad

Answer 18

increases national trade from the west coast to the east coast

Question 19

Laissez-Faire

Answer 19

A policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation’s economy.
Adam Smith writes “The Wealth of Nations” describing this concept

Question 20

Court Cases that limited the power of Big Business

Answer 20

Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific R.R. v. Illinois (1886) United States v. E. C. Knight Co. (1895)

Question 21

Creation of Labor Unions

Answer 21

poor working conditions and unfair wages caused by the industrial revolution sparked the need for unions to protect the rights of workers within a specific field

Question 22

Reason why the Homestead steel strike and the Pullman railcar strike were unsuccessful

Answer 22

The government supported the businesses not the workers

Question 23

Impact of the Industrial Revolution

Answer 23

the rise in the standard of living
products are available for less money
more jobs are created
urbanization (people move to cities)
the increase in the size of the middle class

Question 24

Urbanization

Answer 24

An increase in the percentage and in the number of people living in urban areas (cities)

Question 25

Reason why President Theodore Roosevelt was called a trustbuster

Answer 25

supported legal action against business monopolies