Income distribution and managing body mass Flashcards
What is the difference between income distribution and inequality?
ID - how household income is distributed among a population in a country - measured in quintiles or deciles
II - an uneven income distribution among the quintiles or deciles
Why is income distribution sometime inaccurate?
- the average can be misrepresented by outliers. making people seem to have more money than the actually do.
Income distribution - taxes?
- taxes are based on taxable income
- rich people don’t pay as much taxes as poorer people
Which income is higher, 2 parents; 1 child or 2 parents; 0 children?
2 parents; 1 child
What type of people are affected more by economic pressures?
less wealthy households
Tax distribution - who is paying?
44% of taxes are paid by those with lower incomes
What are the 2 types of income distributions?
individual income: individuals total earning from wages, investment etc. - increased income in middle class will shrink income distribution gap
income inequality: income is distributed unevenly - increased income inequality will shrink the middle class and grow the income distribution gap
What health issues is lower income associated with?
- low birth weight
- injury-related deaths
- developmental problems
- obesity
- asthma
What are the policy implications to help with income distribution and health care?
- increasing minimum wage/ assistance levels will have immediate health benefits
- reducing inequalities through progressive taxation
- greater degree of unionized workplaces will reduce income and wealth inequalities.
What is the main physical activity index? And how much time is recommended for physical activity/ day?
Basal Metabolic rate (BMR): energy required to maintain body weight
What are 5 ways to manage your weight?
- dieting
- improving eating habits
- choosing to eat well (avoid quick weight loss programs)
- miracle diets (x keto diet)
- trying to gain weight (nutrient dense, high cal foods)
What are the 6 risk factors for obesity?
- heredity/ genetics
- endocrine influences
- hunger, appetite and satiety
- metabolic rates and weight
- psychosocial factors
- eating cues
What is the social bias against the overweight?
- negative attitudes towards the obese
- social isolation
- higher rates of mental illness
What is body image and the 2 types?
how you see yourself
- negative BI: distorted perception
- positive BI: true perception of appearance
What can affect body image?
- the media and pop culture
- family, community and cultural groups
- physiological and psychological factors
