Age friendly communities

Question 1

What are the top 3 causes of death?

Answer 1

ischemic heart disease, dementia, lung cancer

Question 2

What is a age-friendly community?

Answer 2

recognizing the relationship between health and the built, natural and social environments as well as the role of local government in promoting active living for all ages

Question 3

What are the 4 key areas of actions in an age friendly community?

Answer 3

• breaking down barriers in built environment
• government leading by example
• increasing participation in the economy for people with disabilities
• improving understanding and awareness about accessibility

Question 4

What are the 4 types of drugs?

Answer 4

Psychoactive drugs: alter moods and behavior
Prescription drugs: only prescription from physician
Recreational drugs: used to relax, socialize
Over-the-counter drugs: purchased without prescription

Question 5

What is the difference between herbal, illicit and commercial preparations?

Answer 5

H - substances of plant origin
I - possession, cultivation, manufacture and sale(illegal)
CP - chemical substances with drug action

Question 5

What are the 5 routes of administration?

Answer 5

• oral ingestion
• injection: intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous
• inhalation
• inunction
• suppositories

Question 6

Drug interaction - difference between synergism and antagonism?

Answer 6

S - interaction 2+ drugs; effects are magnified
A - one drug blocks another

Question 6

Drug interaction - difference between intolerance and cross-tolerance?

Answer 6

I - 2+ drugs, together produce uncomfortable reactions
CT - developing a tolerance to one drug leads to the tolerance of another

Question 7

What are the 6 types of prescription drugs?

Answer 7

• antibiotics
• sedatives
• tranquilizers
• antidepressants
• amphetamines
• analgesics

Question 8

What are generic drugs?

Answer 8

sold under chemical, not brand name
ex. ibuprofen

Question 8

What are the 6 types of OTC drugs?

Answer 8

• Analgesics: prostaglandin inhibitors
• cold, cough, allergy, and asthma relievers
• stimulants (caffeine)
• sleeping aids and relaxants (melatonin)
• dieting aids (laxatives and diuretics)
• inhalants

Question 9

What is the different types of ways to use drugs?

Answer 9

drug us: taking drug, as intended
drug misuse: taking drug; no prescribed
drug abuse: excessive use of drug

Question 9

What is addiction and what are the aspects?

Answer 9

persistent dependance on behavior
- excessive use, behavior
- persistent desire, control use
- frequent incapacitation due to use
- substance, behavior; to avoid withdrawal symptoms

Question 10

What is the physiology effects of addiction?

Answer 10

• neurotransmitters influence receptor cites (nerve cells)
• tolerance: larger dose, to obtain desired effects
• withdrawal: drug causes an effect the body creates by itself

Question 10

What are some other examples of addiction?

Answer 10

• gambling
• exercise
• shopping and borrowing
• technology

Question 11

What are the 4C’s (signs of addiction)?

Answer 11

• craving
• loss of control of amount or frequency of use
• compulsion to use
• continued substance use despite consequences

Question 12

What are some risk factors for youth?

Answer 12

• harm physical and mental health
• harm brain development
• accidents (ex. cars)
• poisoning from overconsumption
• isolation

Question 13

What are the forms of therapy?

Answer 13

• individual, group, or family
• 12 step, alternatives to 12 step
• harm reduction
• cognitive behavior therapy

Question 14

What are the short term and long term effects of alcohol?

Answer 14

S - depressant, water pulled from cerebrospinal fluid (dehydration) - upset stomach - hangover

L - NS damage, cardio damage, liver disease, cancer

Question 15

what are the external consequences of drinking alcohol?

Answer 15

• fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
• impaired driving
• alcoholism

Question 16

What are 4 fun facts about smoking?

Answer 16

• 2020 tobacco killed the most
• Canadians smoke less since 1966
• number 1 preventable causes of death
• kills 5x more than (car, murder, suicide and alcohol)

Question 17

What are the physiological effects of nicotine?

Answer 17

• stimulates CNS and adrenal glands
• increases BPM, respiratory rate
• constricts blood vessels
• reduces appetite

Question 18

What are the effects of breaking smoking addictions?

Answer 18

• toughest addictions to break
• irritability, restlessness, intense cravings
• nicotine replacement products

Question 19

What are the benefits of quitting smoking?

Answer 19

• body repairs immediately
• after 1 year; lung cancer and stroke risk decreases
• after 10 years, normal life span

Question 20

What are the effects of caffeine?

Answer 20

• most widely consumed drug in canada
• average intake - 210-238 mg/day
• effects: insomnia, irregular heartbeat, dizziness, nausea, indigestion

Question 21

what are the sign of addiction to caffeine?

Answer 21

• drinking a lot
• dependency
• withdrawal causes headaches

Question 22

What are the consequences of caffeine addiction?

Answer 22

• heart disease, cancer, and mental dysfunction
• birth defects
• people with health conditions need to be more careful.

Question 23

What are the physical effects of marijuana usage?

Answer 23

• THC: psychoactive substance
• Hashish: derived from thick sticky resin

Question 24

What are the medical uses of marijuana?

Answer 24

• controls nausea and vomiting (Chemotherapy)
• reduces loss of lean muscles (AIDS)
• reduces muscle pain, spasticity (MS)
• relieves eye pressure (glaucoma)

Question 25

What are illicit drugs?

Answer 25

illegal to possess, produce or sell

Question 26

what are the 3 type of illicit drug categories?

Answer 26

psychedelics
- amphetamines

opioids

cocaine

Question 27

who is most effected by the opioid crisis?

Answer 27

west and north canada

Question 28

What are the contributing factors to the opioid crisis?

Answer 28

• illegal drug supply
• over-burdened health and social services
• ongoing stigma surrounding substance use discouraging seeking health and social services