Age across the continuum: focus on poverty and education Flashcards
What is the difference between morbidity, mortality and co-morbidity?
MB - illness or disease (morbid) often reported as a rate/ proportion of population
MR - death (mortal) often reported as a rate/ proportion of population
CM - more than 1 illness at the same time
What is the difference between prevalence and incidence?
P - # of occurrences of a condition in a population at specified point in time
I - # of NEW occurrences of a condition in a population over a specified period of time
Why is suicide in the top 10 of deaths in canada?
- because of different stressors
What is cultural transmission?
process by which children and newcomers become acquainted with the dominant cultural beliefs, values, norms and knowledge
What are the 3 pathways associated with education and health?
- education is associated with health determinates
- better education means more opportunities
- education increase overall health literacy
What are some barriers to education?
- indigenous and low-income youth under-represented at post secondary
- immigrants/ minorities are low income = bad quality of life
- increased tuition
What are the 3 major categories affecting growth and development?
- internal genetic/ natural forces
- environment/ context
- interaction of 1+2
What are the 3 effects of early childhood development?
- latency effects
- pathway effects
- cumulative effects
Explain latency effect.
- early childhood experiences predispose children to good or poor health regardless of later life circumstances
- biological processes of pregnancy associated with poor maternal diet, stress …
- low birth rate
Explain pathway effects.
- exposure to risk factors may not have an immediate effect to health but show up later
- behavioral and learning problems
Effects cumulative effects.
- children: longer exposure to social/ maternal deprivation = more likely adverse affects
- accumulated disadvantage can lead to cognitive and emotional deficits
- child’s success is from self-confidence
What is job security influenced by?
- experience (able to gain meaningful employment at a young age)
- skills
- union membership
- benefits
- pension
What is security?
a sense of well-being or control, or mastery over one’s activities and development
what are the 5 work dimensions that shape health outcomes?
- employment security
- physical conditions at work
- work pace and stress
- working hours
- opportunities for self-expression
What are the 6 aspects affecting employment and health?
- intensification of work
- non-standard work hours
- precarious work (temp/ contract workers = poorer working conditions)
- job insecurity
- income insecurity
- employment insecurity
