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ANEW-H-TUDORS-Elizabeth > InClass-Priests Movement > Flashcards

InClass-Priests Movement Flashcards

1
Q

Where did the missionary priests mainly come from?

A

the seminary of Douai in the Netherlands founded by William Allen in 1568

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2
Q

Why did missionary priests from the seminary of Douai in the Netherlands place emphasis on confession?

A

as it was a purely Catholic practice which they had hope would arouse a sense of reborn faith and commitment to proclaim rather than hide one’s faith

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3
Q

When did the first 4 missionary priests from the seminary of Douai in the Netherlands arrive in England?

A

1574

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4
Q

In 1574, 4 missionary priests from the seminary of Douai in the Netherlands arrived in England, how many arrived by 1580?

A

100 more

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5
Q

What was another name for missionary priests?

A

secular priests (not members of the Society of Jesus)

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6
Q

Were the missionary priests rescuing the dying embers of a church or simply fanning the flame of a slow burning but still strong faith. What argument is there regarding this?

A

continuity thesis or discontinuity thesis

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7
Q

In what year were bishops instructed to provide the government with the numbers of recusants within their diocese?

A

1577

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8
Q

What year were 2 priests executed for denying the Royal Supremacy?

A

1578

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9
Q

Why were 2 priests executed in 1578?

A

for denying the Royal Supremacy

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10
Q

What was the second wave of Catholic missionary activity?

A

this was an impetus (alot of activity) provided by the English members of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits)

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11
Q

Who was the order of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) founded by in 1540?

A

the Spaniard Loyola

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12
Q

What year was the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) founded by Spaniard Loyola?

A

1540

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13
Q

What had founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), Loyola, not intended?

A

that the order act as an anti-Protestant weapon

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14
Q

How is it clear that founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), Loyola, had not intended that the order act as an anti-Protestant weapon?

A

as Jesuits fundamentally sought to convert non-Christians in parts of the world Christianity had previously been known

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15
Q

Regardless of the traditional practice of Jesuits to sought to convert non-Christians in parts of the world Christianity had previously been unknown, how were they unrivaled as a force against Elizabethan ENgland?

A

they became a force to re awaken loyalty to the Catholic Church, to encourage recusancy and to attract converts from Protestantism.

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16
Q

What made the Jesuit priest so effective?

A

the use of Loyola’s devotional technique known as Spiritual Exercises.

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17
Q

How was the devotional technique known as Spiritual Exercises a powerful tool which made the Jesuit priest so effective?

A

as under their guidance, a layman would often find that such meditation led to a profound outpouring of religious feeling and emotion, leading to a new founded commitment.

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18
Q

Who was the first two Jesuit to arrive in England in 1580?

A

Campion and Parsons

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19
Q

What year did the first two Jesuits, Campion and Parsons, arrive in Engalnd?

A

1580

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20
Q

What did Parsons, Jesuit priest, do upon arrival in 1580?

A

he set about building up an organisation based on safe houses which the previous missionary priests failed to do.

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21
Q

Why was it effective of Parsons, Jesuit priest, to set about building up an organisation based on safe houses which the previous missionary priests failed to do, in 1580?

A

as under Vagrancy laws, deep-set localism and suspicion of foreigners, this made a stranger without discernible purpose vulnerable

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22
Q

Who did Catholic priests rely on for the safe houses and protection, set up by Parsons upon arrival in 1580?

A

the Catholic gentry class

23
Q

What year was Campion captured in a hiding hole in Berskshire manor house due to high detection rates?

A

1581

24
Q

What was Jesuit priest, Campion, offered after being arrested in 1581, due to his status in England amongst the Queen and nobility?

A

a senior post if he would turn his back on Catholicism

25
Q

What resulted in Campions refusal to turn away from Catholicism and claim a senior post in the Church?

A

he was tortured and died a traitors death of hanging, drawing and quartering in 1581

26
Q

The Queen moderated a bill passed through Parliament in 1581 which made what the penalty for saying mass, rather than what was suggested by the Commons to be the death penalty?

A

200 marks and a year imprisonment

27
Q

What did the arrest of Throckmorton in 1583 expose plans for?

A

for an invasion of England by French Catholic forceswith Spain and the Pope as the paymaster, as Parsons and Allen as the instigators

28
Q

What year was Throckmorton arrested and exposed plans for an invasion of England by French Catholic forces with Spain and the Pope as the paymaster, as Parsons and Allen as the instigators?

A

1583

29
Q

Who was arrested in 1583 which exposed plans for an invasion of England by French Catholic forces with Spain and the Pope as the paymaster, as Parsons and Allen as the instigators?

A

Throckmorton

30
Q

When was the assassination of Protestant leader William of Orange?

A

1584

31
Q

Who was assassinated in 1584?

A

the Protestant leader William of Orange

32
Q

Why was it a threat to England that the Spanish commander, Parma appeared to be all too close to finally subjugating the Netherlands in 1584?

A

as this would have made the perfect opportunity for a Spanish invasion

33
Q

Who was the 1585 Act against?

A

Jesuit priests, seminary priests and other such disobedient persons

34
Q

Under the 1585 Act, what was ordered?

A

that any Catholic priest ordained since the beginning of Elizabeth’s reign was to leave the country within 40 days

35
Q

Between the years of 1585-1603, of the 146 Catholics put to death, how many were under the 1585 Act?

A

123

36
Q

What year was the Throckmorton plot?

A

1583

37
Q

What year was the Babington plots?

A

1586

38
Q

What was the result of the Throckmorton and Babington plots of 1583 + 86 which was positive for the government?

A

this compromised the reputation of Catholics in general, and further justified the government’s stance

39
Q

Why did the 1580’s represent a worsening international situation for Elizabeth?

A

as Philip II of Spain became increasingly convinced of the need to invade England.

40
Q

Who was the Pope of the 1580’s?

A

Pope Sixtus V

41
Q

What did William Allen expose about English laymen Catholics in his 1584 pamphlets?

A

that both priests and laymen continued to support the Queen despite the Bull of excommunication by Pope Pius V

42
Q

What year were the pamphlets issued where William Allen exposed that English laymen and Catholics, both priests and laymen continued to support the Queen despite the Bull of excommunication by Pope Pius V

A

1584

43
Q

What year were Spanish fleet ready for invasion (Armada)

A

1588

44
Q

What did the secular priests emphasise?

A

that there was a continuity between themselves and the traditional pre-Reformation Church in England

45
Q

What kind of war ensued between the Jesuits and Appellants?

A

a pamphlet war

46
Q

What did pamphlet writer and Appellant Watson argue?

A

that the Queen had been mild and gracious towards Catholics and loyalty to the Pope did not include supporting enemies of England

47
Q

What were Appellants such as Watson who argued that he Queen had been mild and gracious towards Catholics and loyalty to the Pope did not include supporting enemies of England, given access to?

A

to printers who would normally refuse to handle Catholic material

48
Q

By what year had the Appellants won at least part of their case on Rome when Pope Clement VIII instructed Blackwell to refrain from consulting with the Jesuits and gave him a reminder of the extent of his powers?

A

1602

49
Q

Who supports the discontinuity thesis as they have denied that there was significant continuity between the Catholicism of the pre-Reformation Church and the Catholicism of the mid 1580’s?

A

Dickens

50
Q

What is the continuity thesis?

A

That Catholicism remained strong until the third decade (1590s) of Elizabeths reign and that the Marian priesthood were effective until they began dying due to old age.

51
Q

What is the discontinuity thesis?

A

That Catholicism withered relatively quickly reflected by the lack of numbers of the Marian priests but was saved by missionary priests which then transform not a religion of the gentry

52
Q

Why did Catholicism become an increasingly strengthening threat to Elizabeth? (4)

A
  • Deteriorating relations with Catholic Spain
  • Excommunication in 1570
  • Presence of Mary Staurt 1568
  • Question of succession
53
Q

When did Mary land in England?

A

1568

ANEW-H-TUDORS-Elizabeth (18 decks)

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