IN3 Intro to medication admin Flashcards
What term describes the passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of medication administration?
Absorption
What term describes the unintended, undesirable and often unpredictable severe responses to a medication?
Adverse effect
What is made of glass with restricted neck that is pre-scored to be broken easily and contains sterile solution?
Ampoule/ampule
What is a substance capable of dissolving a drug and holding it in a solution?
Dilutent
What term means to diminish the strength of a mixture by adding another substance?
Dilute
What term describes how a drug is transported by the blood to the site of action?
Distribution; requires adequate cardiac output and tissue perfusion
What term describes how a drug and metabolites are eliminated from the body through the kidney, liver, lungs or GI tract?
Excretion; Kidneys are the main organs for medication excretion
What term describes a drug storage system in which individual patient medicine doses are prepared from bulk stock by ward personnel?
Floor stock
What term describes a sheet used for documentation listing medications prescribed and times to be given?
Medication Administration Record (MAR)
What term describe when a medication may modify or diminish actions of another medication?
Medication interaction
What term describes the conversion of the drug to an inactive and harmless form that can be excreted through the lungs, kidneys liver and GI tract?
metabolism
What term means the injection of a medication into body tissues?
Parenteral administration
What term describes a person licensed to prepare and dispense drugs?
Pharmacist
What term describes a person licensed to prescribe medications such as physician, physician assistant or nurse practitioner?
Provider
What term describes the predictable and often unavoidable secondary effects produced at a usual therapeutic dose and can be either harmless or cause injury?
Side effect
What term describes restoring a dehydrated substance to its previous liquid form by adding liquid?
Reconstitution
what term describes a medication which can be dissolved in liquid?
solute
What term describes the combined effect of medications taken together being greater than the effect of the medications when taken separately?
Synergistic effect
What is an expected or predictable physiological response to medication?
Therapeutic effect
What term describes a drug storage system that employs pharmacy control in supplying individual doses of drugs for each patient?
Unit Dose System
What term describes a rubber-capped glass or plastic bottle containing one or several doses of a particular injectable medication?
Vial
What are the six major medication uses?
Symptom relief, preventive, diagnostic, curative, health maintenance, contraceptive
What term describes aqueous medication sprayed and absorbed in the mouth and upper airways, not meant for ingestion?
Aerosol
What term describes a solid dosage from for oral use that is shaped like a capsule?
Caplet
What is a solid dosage form for oral use medication in powder, liquid, or oil form and encased by gelatin shell?
Capsule; colored to aid in identification
What is a clear liquid containing water and/or alcohol; designed for oral use and usually has sweetener added?
Elixir
What is a tablet for oral use coated with materials that do not dissolve in stomach?
Enteric-coated tablet; dissolves in intestine where absorption takes place
What term describes syrup or dried form of an active medication, usually made by evaporation the solution?
Extract
What term describes a prescription usually containing alcohol, oil or soapy emollient that is applied to the skin?
Liniment
What term describes a liquid suspension that usually protects, cools and cleanses skin?
lotion
What term is described as a salve or ream, A semi-solid, externally applied preparation, usually containing one or more medications?
Ointment
What is often used as skin protection and is a semi-solid preparation, ticker and stiffer than ointment, and is absorbed through skin more slowly than ointment?
Paste
What term is described as a solid dosage form containing one or more medications, shaped into globules, ovoids, or oblong shapes?
Pill; rarely used, replaced by tablets
What is a liquid preparation that may be used orally, parenterally (via needle), or externally?
Solution; can be instilled into body organ or cavity
What is a solid dosage form mixed with gelatin and shaped like a pellet form for insertion into a body cavity?
suppository; melts when it reaches body temperature
What is a finely divided drug particle dispersed in liquid medium?
Suspension; when left standing particles settle at bottom of container.
what term describes a medication dissolved in concentrated sugar solution?
Syrup
What is a powdered dosage form compressed into hard disks or cylinder; in addition to primary medication, contains binders, lubricants, fillers to shape and hold the it together?
tablet
What is an alcohol extract from a plant of vegetable?
Tincture
What is a flat, round dosage from containing medication, flavoring, sugar, and mucilage; it dissolves in the mouth to release medication?
Troche, aka lozenge
What term describes medications that are either swallowed or instilled through a tube leading to the stomach?
Oral (PO)
What medication administration route is characterized by placing a solid medication against the cheek until it is dissolved?
Buccal
What medication administration route is characterized by injection of sterile medication into the subcutaneous tissue?
Subcutaneous (sub Q)
What is the fasted route for medication administration?
IV
What is the slowest route for medication administration?
oral (PO)
What are the four types of medications odors?
Standing order, PRN order, Single order, STAT order
What are the different types of medication storage lockers/carts?
Floor stock, Unit dose cart, Narcotic Locker, Automated medication dispensing system
What type of medication storage is the mediation kept in bulk?
Floor stock
What are the six rights of medication administration?
Right med, right dose, right route, right time, right patient , right documentation
In regards to medication administration; what is the right documentation?
Pt status prior, med given, time given, dose, route, location if injection, response
What are the three medication checks?
first two occur during medication preparation when med is first located and prepared. third right before administration
What type of medication order is for multiple doses of medication?
Standing order
what type of medication is for when a medications is administered when the patient needs it?
PRN order
What type of medication order is the medication meant to be administered once at a specified time?
Single (one time) order
What type of medication order is used when a single dose of medication is to be administered immediately?
STAT order
What term describes the desired effect of a medication?
Therapeutic effect
What occurs when one drug modifies the action of another drug that also has been given?
Drug interaction (antibiotics and OCP)
what type of drug response is characterized as either desirable or undesirable and causes side effects or adverse affects?
Secondary
What is a harmful effect to a drug that develops after a prolonged intake of medication or when medication accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion?
Drug Toxicity
What are the two types of drug dependence?
Physical and Psychological
What schedule of drugs has the highest abuse potential and no currently accepted medical use?
Schedule I
What schedule of drugs has a high abuse potential, currently accepted for medical use and abuse can lead to severe psychological or physical dependence?
Schedule II (cocaine, morphine, oxycodone)
What schedule of drugs has the potential for abuse and may lead to moderate to low physical dependence or high psychological dependence?
Schedule III (anabolic steroids, vicodin, tylenol 3)
What schedule of drugs has a low abuse potential and may lead to limited physical or psychological dependence?
Schedule IV (Xanex, Valium, Phenobarbital)
What schedule of medication has the lowest abuse potential and may lead to limited physical or psychological dependence?
Schedule V (cough suppressants containing small amounts of codeine)
What must a Providers medication order include?
Drug name, amount per dose, number of doses, route, frequency, signature
What are the two way medications are ordered?
Written and verbal (corpsman do not take verbal orders)
When documenting medication administration, what all must be recorded?
drug given, dose, date/time, route, location, therapeutic effect or side effect, signature/intials
in regards to the enforcement of laws relating to medications the FDA ensures?
naming and labeling, drug testing, drug distribution and sales, categorizing, dispensing and handling of controlled drugs
What are some safety considerations when it comes to administering medications to infants/children?
Differences in size, age, weight, surface area and immature organs effect the ability to absorb and metabolize and excrete drugs; dose are base on age, size and weight not standardized
What are some safety consideration when it comes to administering medications to the elderly?
May be taking multiple medications due to chronic illness; metabolism is slower and normal doses may build to toxic levels; observe for signs of adverse actions and drug toxicity carefully
How quickly must an incident report be filled after a medication error?
within 24 hours
