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BMTCP > BN2 > Flashcards

BN2 Flashcards

1
Q

What term describes a substance that kills or inhibits bacterial growth?

A

Antibacterial

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2
Q

What term describes an agent that inhibits but does not kill microorganisms

A

Antiseptic

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3
Q

What term describes the absence of pathogenic microorganisms?

A

Asepsis

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4
Q

What term refers to the practices/procedures that assist in reducing the risk of infectious materials on an item or surface?

A

Aseptic technique

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5
Q

What term describes a single celled microorganisms that multiply rapidly?

A

Bacteria

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6
Q

What term describes the presence or anticipated presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item or surface?

A

Contaminated

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7
Q

What term describes an agent that kills microorganisms but not their spores?

A

Disinfectant

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8
Q

What term describes tiny, primitive organisms that contain no chlorophyll?

A

Fungi

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9
Q

What term describes an infection that is acquired in a hospital setting?

A

Health Care Associated infection

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10
Q

What term describes a disease caused by an invasion of pathogenic microorganisms?

A

Infection

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11
Q

What term describes the procedures used to reduce and prevent the spread of microorganisms?

A

Medical asepsis

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12
Q

What term describes a tiny, living animal or plant that can only be seen with a microscope?

A

Microorganisms

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13
Q

What term refers to microorganisms that live on or within a body to compete with disease producing microorganisms and provide natural immunity against certain infections?

A

Normal flora

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14
Q

What term refers to microorganisms that cause infection and contagious disease?

A

Pathogen or Infectious agent

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15
Q

What term refers to one celled animals that can infect the blood, brain, intestines and other body areas?

A

Protozoa

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16
Q

What term refers to microorganisms that are transmitted to humans by the bites of lice, ticks and fleas and act as vectors?

A

Rickettsiae

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17
Q

What term refers to complete elimination or destruction of all microorganisms including spores?

A

Sterilization

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18
Q

What term refers to cleaning of a patient’s contaminated equipment and supplies after discharge?

A

Terminal Disinfection

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19
Q

What term describes an approach to infection control in which all human blood and certain body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious for blood-borne pathogens?

A

Universal Precautions

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20
Q

What term describes an extremely small infectious agent that can be seen with an electron microscope. They grow in living cells and cause many diseases such as the common cold?

A

Viruses

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21
Q

What does OSHA stand for?

A

Occupational Safety & Health Administration

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22
Q

What are the common infections agents?

A 
Bacteria
Viruses
Protozoa
Rickettsiae
Fungi
Helminthes
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23
Q

What are the links in the chain of infection?

A

Infectious agent, Reservoir, Portal of Exit, Mode of transmission, Portal of Entry, Susceptible Host

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24
Q

Who is responsible for identifying and preparing a list of diseases that must be reported under federal, state and local laws?

A

Public Health

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25
Q

Who is responsible for receiving all reports concerning infectious and communicable exposure, and initiating precautions for the type of organism present?

A

Infection Control Practitioner

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26
Q

What are the two types of aseptic technique?

A

Medical asepsis and Surgical Asepsis

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27
Q

What aseptic technique is known as the clean technique/

A

Medical asepsis

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28
Q

What type of contact occurs person to person or physical contact between sources and susceptible host (e.g. fecal, oral)?

A

Direct

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29
Q

What type of contact involves contact with contaminated inanimate objects (e.g. needles, utensils, hospital equipment)?

A

Indirect

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30
Q

What patients are at risk for HAIs?

A

Pt’s with surgical incisions, artificial airways, urinary catheters, and IV lines

31
Q

What is the main reason why Patients get HAIs?

A

medical personal did not perform proper hand washing or did not wash between patients

32
Q

What are some examples of droplet transmission?

A

projections from nasal mucosa, mouth, or conjunctiva

33
Q

What are examples of airborne transmissions?

A

coughing and sneezing

34
Q

In regards to the chain of infection, what are some ways infections are transmitted?

A

Touch/contact, vector, droplet, airborne

35
Q

What is the most effective barrier to infection?

A

Intact skin

36
Q

What are some conditions that make someone a susceptible host?

A

age, weak state of health, broken skin

37
Q

What actions should be taken if exposed to a possible communicable disease?

A

Notify immediate supervisor
Seek proper Medical evaluation
Notify immediate supervisor and public health of any duty restrictions or limitations

38
Q

What are the four rules of surgical asepsis?

A

Know what is sterile
Know what is not sterile
Separate sterile from unsterile
Remedy contamination immediately

39
Q

a ____ inch margin around the the edge of a sterile field is considered contaminated

A

1

40
Q

How long are paper wrapped sterile packs good for?

A

30 days

41
Q

Can sterility be indefinite if sealed in a plastic outer wrapper?

A

yes, follow local policy

42
Q

What do thermal/chemical indicators actually indicate?

A

only that the instruments were exposed to the sterilizing process, does not indicate that they are stills sterile

43
Q

What is the most common type of chemical indicator for sterility?

A

tape

44
Q

What is the only true indicator of sterility?

A

biological testing

45
Q

What are the four most common methods of sterilization?

A

moist heat
Ethylene Oxide (ETO)
Hydrogen Peroxide Plasma
Chemical

46
Q

What type of sterilization involves steam and an autoclave?

A

Moist heat

47
Q

What type of sterilization destroys microorganisms and spores, is used for heat sensitive items where good penetration is essential and the gas is toxic so aeration is needed?

A

Ethylene Oxide

48
Q

What type of sterilization uses oxidizing properties allow for the destruction of a wide range of pathogens and is used on heat sensitive items?

A

Hydrogen peroxide Plasma

49
Q

What type of sterilization is done either by exposure to a toxic gas or prolonged immersion in a chemical disinfectant?

A

Chemical

50
Q

When cleaning instruments prior to sterilization what are some common methods?

A

Enzymatic solutions

1:10 chlorine bleach

51
Q

What type of bag need to be used to dispose of biohazardous waste?

A

impermeable red, plastic bag labeled with the date and the word “biohazard” or “medical waste”

52
Q

When washing hands, what are the two cleansing agents?

A

Soap/detergent - aids in the removal of organisms

Antibacterial - kills or suppresses the growth of microorganisms

53
Q

What are the steps when sterilizing equipment?

A

Decontaminate instruments manually
Disinfect instruments after cleaning
Prepare for Sterilization after cleaning
Dispose of Contaminated materials

54
Q

Why is it important to decontaminate instruments manually before sterilizing?

A

Organic material can be backed on which would destroy the instrument

55
Q

When decontaminating instruments how should they be sorted?

A

by type and weight

56
Q

After cleaning instruments, how do you prepare them for sterilization?

A

Lay open on absorbent pad, allow to dry, place in bin designated for central sterile supply and complete paperwork

57
Q

When washing hands, what do you use to clean fingernails?

A

Orangewood stick

58
Q

What term describes direct contact with another persons’s body fluid or any item contaminated with another person’s body fluids?

A

Blood Borne Pathogen exposure

59
Q

What term describes an illness that is easily spread to others?

A

Contagious Disease

60
Q

What term describes a method of spreading pathogens that occurs when an uninfected person gets infected by touching or being near someone who is infected?

A

Direct Contact

61
Q

What term describes removing a bag of contaminated items from an isolation room by placing it in another clean bag held by someone outside the room?

A

Double bagging

62
Q

What term describes a patient with impaired skin integrity or with a compromised immune system who has a greater probability of acquiring an infection?

A

Highly Susceptible patient

63
Q

What term describes a route of spreading pathogens by touching contaminated objects?

A

Indirect contact

64
Q

What term describes the confinement of pathogens to a given area to prevent their spread?

A

Isolation

65
Q

Sharps containers should be replaced when how full?

A

3 quarters full

66
Q

What are the two tiers of isolation developed by the CDC?

A

Tier 1: Standard Precautions, Tier 2: Isolation precautions

67
Q

What are the 4 types of isolation?

A

Airborne, Droplet, Contact, and Protective

68
Q

In what instance does the CDC recommend double bagging?

A

If it is impossible to prevent contamination of the bag’s outer surface

69
Q

How many people does it take to double bag?

A

2

70
Q

What is the first step in initiating patient isolation?

A

Place the patient in the room designated for isolation. Rational is you want to limit the time a person with a communicable disease is exposed to the ward floor.

71
Q

Is the isolation cart placed outside or inside the patient’s room?

A

outside

72
Q

How may a patient in isolation feel?

A

Unclean, rejected, lonely or guilty

73
Q

Why shouldn’t rush through care of a patient who is in isolation?

A

they will feel rejected

BMTCP (30 decks)

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