EMT Respiration and Artificial Ventilation Flashcards
what term describes the process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
diffusion
What term describes the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood int he pulmonary capillaries?
Pulmonary respiration
What term describes the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and circulating blood?
Cellular respiration
What is an example of the mechanics of breathing be disrupted?
being stabbed in the chest
Loss of nervous control (cervical spine injury, myasthenia gravis or multiple sclerosis)
Patient sustains painful chest wall injuries (may cause atalectsis)
Bronchoconstriction (COPD, asthma)
What are some examples in how gas exchange can be interrupted?
Low oxygen levels in the outside air Diffusion problems (CHF, COPD - causes problems with alveoli)
What are some examples of circulation issue that can affect the cardiopulmonary system?
Not enough blood Hemoglobin problems (anemia, acidosis)
What term describes breathing in and out, or artificial provision of breaths?
ventilation
What term describes the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood and between the blood and the cells?
Respiration
What term describes an insufficiency of oxygen in the body’s tissues?
Hypoxia
In most people the urge to breath is caused by the build up of _____
carbon dioxide, sensed by chemoreceptors
How does the body typically respond to elevated carbon dioxide and decreased oxygen?
increases respiratory rate
engage sympathetic nervous system to increase heart rate and constrict vessels in order to move more blood will also constrict blood
What are the normal respiratory rates of adults, children and infants?
Adult 10-20,
Child 15-30,
Infant 25-50
What term describes the blue or gray color resulting from lack of oxygen in the body?
cyanosis
