In Class Notes (4/21/25)

Question 1

Interactions between individuals from two or more groups on the basis of their group membership. Can be one-on-one or in groups:

Answer 1

Intergroup Relations

Question 2

A cognitive process by which we place individuals into social groups based on prior social knowledge (schemas). It is flexible and spontaneous, but often leads to treating individuals as group members rather than unique people:

Answer 2

Social Categorization

Question 3

The tendency to see members of outgroups as more similar to one another than members of ingroups:

Answer 3

Outgroup Homogeneity

Question 4

Why Does Outgroup Homogeneity Occur?

Answer 4

We have less frequent and lower-quality interactions with outgroup members, so we rely more on schemas

Question 5

We like to view ourselves and our ingroups positively, which can enhance perceptions of difference and superiority:

Answer 5

Self-Enhancement

Question 6

The cognitive aspect of bias; culturally rooted generalized beliefs or “knowledge” about members of social groups:

Answer 6

Stereotype

Question 7

The affective aspect of bias; culturally rooted evaluative feelings or attitudes about members of a group:

Answer 7

Prejudice

Question 8

The behavioral component of bias; involves treating individuals differently based on their group membership:

Answer 8

Discrimination