improving the accuracy of EWT Flashcards
What are the problems with standard interviews?
Fisher et al, studied real ife interviews over 4 months and found the witnesses were -
-bombarded with short and closed answers
-interrupted and not allowed to talk freely
-not able to expand answers
-misleading questions
-might forget what they were saying
What did Gielsman suggest?
- eye witness testimony can be improved if the police used better techniques when interviewing eye witnesses
-use techniques such as open questions and closed questions
What is cognitive interview?
-A method of interviewing ewt to help retrieve more accurate memories .
What is the enhanced cognitive interview?
-importance of eye contact
-reduce anxiety limit distractions
What are the stages of cognitive interview?
-report everything
-context reinstatement
-reverse the order
-recall from a changed perspective
What is report everything?
Witnesses are asked to recall all details even if its significant
How does report everything improve accuracy?
-Minor memories may act as a cue or a trigger to other important memories
What is context reinstatement?
-witness can be asked to reinstate or repeat the environment and personal context, can be asked to use all 5 senses
How does context reinstatement improve accuracy?
-can enhance how much is remembered by recording both context and feelings
What is reverse the order?
-witness is asked to recall the events backwards
How does reverse the order improve accuracy?
-harder to act dishonest when working backwards -more truthful accounts
What is recall from a changed perspective?
Witness considers what another victim/witness might of felt
How does recall from a changed perspective improve accuracy
-disrupts the effects of the expectation of recall , triggers own memory
Geilsman evidence of supporting cognitive interview
-ci has more accuracy in recall of facts
-participants viewed a video of a violent crime and after 48 hours that were interviewed by a police man
cognitive interview -41.2
hypnosis-38.0
standard interview-29.4
Fisher et el evidence for supporting cognitive interview
-supports cognitive interview
-found that witnesses reported greater detail in their accounts of crimes when American police were trained to use cognitive interview
-ci is more structured than the standard interview and seems appropriate for crime related interviews
how does Koehnken go against cognitive interview?
- recalled more correct information
-more detailed recall increases chances of making mistakes
-cognitive interview leads to an increase in inaccurate recall is a good reason to find ways of improving it, not abandoning it
