Important People Booklet 2

Question 1

What Andreas Vesalius prove? (EARLY MODERN)

Answer 1

-proved 200 of Galen’s findings were wrong

Question 2

What kind of things did Vesalius disprove of Galen?

Answer 2

• Blood did not flow through tiny holes in the septum of the heart
• Human jaw was made up of one bone
• 200 of Galen’s findings were wrong

Question 3

How did Vesalius find these conclusions?

Answer 3

Through dissections as he was able to carry out human dissections (Galen only allowed to use pigs remains)

Question 4

What were Vesalius’ limitations?

Answer 4

-His knowledge did not lead to any new treatments or improvements of health

Question 5

What did Vesalius’ work lead doctors to do?

Answer 5

-Question how different parts of the body work

Question 6

What did Ambroise Pare do?

Answer 6

-Produced a kinder method of cauterising amputated limbs

Question 7

How did Pare discover this new method?

Answer 7

• During siege of Milan in 1536
• ran out of boiling oil
• used a mixture of egg yolk, turpentine and oil of roses

Question 8

What did Pare also do instead of cauterising amputations?

Answer 8

During amputations, instead of cauterising, he used ligatures, silk threads to tie blood vessels

Question 9

Why did Pare’s methods not lower the death rate?

Answer 9

-as doctor’s did not know about germs the silk ligature stitches often got infected

Question 10

What did William Harvey discover?

Answer 10

• blood flows around the body in a one way system
• there was no holes in the septum of the heart
• 1628 published a book with his findings

Question 11

How did Harvey come up with this conclusion?

Answer 11

• he dissected live frogs to see how their blood flowed

- pushed thin metal rods into the veins of humans to see what would happen to the blood flow

Question 12

How did William Harvey impacted medical knowledge?

Answer 12

• many modern techniques depends on Harvey’s work

- like Christiaan Barnard and the first heart transplant in 1967

Question 13

What were Harvey’s work’s limitations?

Answer 13

• His work did not lead to any lives saved

- did not offer any explanations for the causes of disease or any ideas how to cure diseases

Question 14

Who was Ehlrich and what did he discover?

Answer 14

• Ehlrich was one of Kock’s students
• discovered the first magic bullet
• 1910 the 606th drug was discovered to work against syphilis , which targeted and killed the specific germ

Question 15

What did Wilhelm Rontgen discover and when?

Answer 15

Discovered X-rays in 1895

Question 16

How did Wilhelm Rontgen discover X-ray

Answer 16

-experimenting with Cathode rays when he found that some of them pass through a cardboard cover. Then beamed them onto his wife’s hand ans found he could see her bones and rings

Question 17

How did Rontgen publish his ideas?

Answer 17

-published his findings in a medical journal ‘The Lancet in 1895’

Question 18

How did Rontgen impact medical knowledge?

Answer 18

• people no longer had to cut open bodies to find foreign bodies like bullets or coins, which would cause infection and pain
• easier to see broken bones

Question 19

How did Vesalius spread his knowledge?

Answer 19

-Printed and wrote a book ‘Fabrica’ , published in 1543

Question 20

How did Pare spread his knowledge?

Answer 20

his ideas printed in books such as ‘Works on surgery’ in 1575

Question 21

How did Rontgen spread his knowledge?

Answer 21

-published his findings in a medical journal ‘ The Lancet’ in 1895

Question 22

What were Rontgen’s limitations?

Answer 22

-initial doses of radiation was high led to side effects