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History (NEW) > 1929-1934 > Flashcards

1929-1934 Flashcards

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1
Q

Three points about SA?

A
  • Formed in 1921
  • protected Nazi speakers
  • leader was Ernst Rohm
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2
Q

Three points about NSDAP?

A
  • set up in 1923
  • Hitler was Fuhrer
  • formally known as DAP
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3
Q

When was the Munich Putsch?

A

8 November 1923

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4
Q

What happened in the Munich Putsch?

A
  • On the night of 8 November 1923
  • Hitler and stormtroopers burst into a meeting that KAHR and LOSSOW were holding at the local Beer Hall.
  • Hitler forced them to agree to rebel - and then let them go home.
  • The SA took over the army headquarters and the offices of the local newspaper.
  • The next day, 9 November 1923, Hitler and his Nazis went into Munich on what they thought would be a triumphal march to take power.
  • Kahr had called in police and army reinforcements.
  • There was a short scuffle in which the police killed some Nazis
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5
Q

Results of Munich Putsch?

A
  • The Nazi party was banned, and Hitler was prevented from speaking in public until 1927.
  • Hitler went to prison, where he wrote Mein Kampf. Millions of Germans read it
  • Hitler decided that he would never come to power by revolution. He realised that he would have to use constitutional means,
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6
Q

What did Hitler say in Mein Kampf

A
  • Volkgemeinschaft (nationalism
  • Abolish Treaty of Versailles
  • Social dwarfism (aryan)
  • Anti-Semitism (jews)
  • Anti-communist
  • Lebensraum (all German speaking people, one nation)
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7
Q

When was the Bamberg Conference

A

1926

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8
Q

What did Hitler do in the BAMBERG CONFERENCE

A
  • won over possible rivals, like Josef Goebbels by giving them key positions in the party
  • created his own bodyguard, the SS
  • introduced Hitler youth
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9
Q

Why did the Nazi’s gain less votes in 1928 than 1924?

A
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10
Q

When did the US stock market crash?

A
  • October 1929

- -caused the Great depression

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11
Q

How did the great depression effect Germany?

A
  • withdrew loans made in Dawes plan
  • demand for goods fell, forced to lay off workers
  • factories closed
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12
Q

Why did many people turn to extremist groups such as the Nazis?

A

-as they believed they would be able to relieve their suffering

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13
Q

How many were unemployed in 1932

A

6 million

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14
Q

What happened in 1930, that shifted power in Germany?

A
  • President Hindenburg appointed Heinrich Bruning as Chancellor, he did not have majority
  • he had to rely on article 48 and he barely used the Reichstag
  • end of parliamentary democracy
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15
Q

When did the Nazi’s have their breakthrough?

A

General election in September 1930

  • became second biggest party in Germany
  • Bruning still did not hold majority
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16
Q

What did Bruning’s government do during the GREAT DEPRESSION?

A
  • cut unemployment benefits

- became known as ‘Hunger chancellor’

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17
Q

How did the nazis gain support within the middle classes?

A

-as they were afraid of a possible communist takeover

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17
Q

How did the nazis gain support within the middle classes?

A

-as they were afraid of a possible communist takeover

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18
Q

When did the Nazi’s start to use propaganda?

A

1929-1933

19
Q

Who was in charge of propaganda and what did he do?

A
  • manipulate huge audiences by
  • Nazi message was simple and repeated
  • Nazis owned many newspapers and many people read them
20
Q

Who was in charge of propaganda and what did he do?

A
  • manipulate huge audiences by
  • Nazi message was simple and repeated
  • Nazis owned many newspapers and many people read them
  • Josef Goebbels
21
Q

Who did Hitler stand against in 1932 election?

A

-Hindenburg

22
Q

What did Nazi’s use in the election of 1932?

A
  • using an aeroplane (Hitler spoke in up to five cities a day)
  • his message spread through films, radio and even records
23
Q

What happened in the votes in the election of 1932?

A

Hitler lost both rounds of voting against Hindenburg

-but there was greater success in votes than before

24
Q

Why were industrials support Hitler?

A
  • to protect against communism

- to reduce the power of trade uniions

25
Q

Who did the Nazi’s receive funds from?

A
  • leading industrialist

- Thyssen, Krupp and Bosch

26
Q

What did the SA do?

A
  • protect Nazi meetings
  • disrupt meetings of Nazi’s opponents
  • attacked and intimidated opponents of the Nazi’s
  • engage in street fights
27
Q

Who was the leader of the SA?

A

-Ernst Rohm

1931

28
Q

What were the communsits private army called?

A

Red front fighters

29
Q

Why did Hitler appeal to many?

A
  • He had developed the art of public speaking

- attracted many people and increased membership

30
Q

What was different about the election in 1932?

A
  • Chancellor Von Papen did not step down despite not having majority
  • Hindenburg did not allow Hitler to become chancellor
30
Q

What was different about the election in 1932?

A
  • Chancellor Von Papen did not step down despite not having majority
  • Hindenburg did not allow Hitler to become chancellor
30
Q

What was different about the election in 1932?

A
  • Chancellor Von Papen did not step down despite not having majority
  • Hindenburg did not allow Hitler to become chancellor
31
Q

What was different about the election in 1932?

A
  • Chancellor Von Papen did not step down despite not having majority
  • Hindenburg did not allow Hitler to become chancellor
32
Q

How did Hitler become chancellor?

A
  • Von Papen stepped down and Von schleicher became chancellor
  • Hoqwever, von papen was determined to gain power so he met with Hitler in 1933, decided Hitler should lead a Nazi Nationslidt government as von papen as vice-chancelllor as he thought he could control him
  • Hindenburg agreed
33
Q

When did Hitler become chancellor of Germany?

A

30 January 1933

34
Q

When Hitler became chancellor why was it still a weak position?

A

-Hindenburg could still had the power to dismiss Hitler

35
Q

When was the Reichstag fire and what did he do after?

A

27 February 1933 and Enabling act

36
Q

When was the enabling act?

A

March 1933

37
Q

How did Hitler use the enabling act?

A
  • control of the press
  • ban on political parties
    -purge of civil service (removed Jews and political opposition from civil service)
    -banned trade unions
    abolished state assemblies, replaced with Reich governers
38
Q

What were reasons for night of the long knives?

A
  • SA threat to Hitler’s power
  • purging Hitler’s political and military rivals
  • Rohm wanted to put the SA and army together, with Rohm as leader. Army does not want anything to do with the SA as they are ill-disciplined
  • Rohm wants socialist reforms
  • Hitler knows Hindenburg is close to death
39
Q

What was the importance of the night of the long knives?

A
  • It eradicated opponents
  • Secured support of the army
  • Relegated SA to minoer role
  • It provided Heinrich Himmler, leader of the SS, the opportunity to expand his organisation
40
Q

When did Hitler become Fuhrer?

A

-2nd August 1934

40
Q

When did Hitler become Fuhrer?

A

-2nd August 1934

41
Q

When did Hitler become Fuhrer?

A

-2nd August 1934

42
Q

How did Hitler become Fuhrer?

A
  • President Hindenburg died and Hitler seized the opportunity to combine two posts of Chancellor and President
  • -German army took an oath of loyalty to Hitler

History (NEW) (15 decks)

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