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Psych 102 > important dudes > Flashcards

important dudes Flashcards

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1
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Founded psychoanalysis in the 1900s

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2
Q

Carl Rogers

A

Humanist

Developed client-centered therapy

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3
Q

Abraham Maslow

A

Humanist

Developed Maslows hierarchy of needs

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4
Q

Albert Bandura

A

Behaviourist
Studied how children learn by observing how they treated a doll after they saw an adult acting violently towards it. this proved that we can learn from others

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5
Q

Edward Tichener

A

Leader of the school of structuralism

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6
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

Opened the first psychology lab in Germany

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7
Q

James Mark Baldwin

A

Opened the first psychology lab in Canada at UFT

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8
Q

G. Stanley Hall

A

Opened the first psychology lab in north america
Published the first psychology journal
Founded the American Psychological Association

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9
Q

Erik Erikson

A

Believed that adolescence is the struggle to find a sense of identity through the roles that they are expected to play

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10
Q

Jean Piaget

A

Cognitive Psychologist
Studied errors in cognition in children to understand how they think differently from adults.
Believed in nature vs nurture.
Identified stages in cognitive development in children.
Believed that children grow by maturation and by interactions.

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11
Q

Socrates

A

Looked for concepts that are the essence of human nature.

Believed that the body and the mind are separate, and that the mind continues after the body dies.

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12
Q

Roger Sperry

A

Psychobiologist/neuroscientist

Studied split-brain patients to understand the functions of each hemisphere of the brain.

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13
Q

Wilder Penfield

A

Psychobiologist/neuroscientist.

Showed that electrical stimulation to different areas of the brain will evoke different responses.

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14
Q

Donald Hebb

A

Psychobiologist/neuroscientist.

Described cell assemblies, how neurons in the brain form networks of connections based on our experiences.

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15
Q

Karl Lashley

A

Psychobiologist/neuroscientist.

Studied learning and memory changes in rats after removing different parts and/or amounts of their brains.

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16
Q

Plato

A

Believed that the body and the mind are separate.
Believed that the mind continues after the body dies.
Believed that certain ideas and concepts are pure and signify ultimate reality.

17
Q

Hippocrates

A

Greek physician.
Believed that disease has a physical and rational explanation.
Believed in the four humors.

18
Q

Ivan Pavlov

A

Behaviourist.

Studied classical conditioning in dogs.

19
Q

Aristotle

A

Platos student.
First to promote testable investigations.
Investigated sensory experiences.

20
Q

Lee Vygotsky

A

Believed that social interactions are important for development.
Believed that children learn thinking skills by listening to others and internalising it to develop inner speech.

21
Q

William James

A

Leader of the school of functionalism.

22
Q

John B. Watson

A

Behaviourist.
Little Albert study showed that phobias are learned.
Hated introspection
Emphasised psychology’s focus on observable behaviour

23
Q

BF Skinner

A

Behaviourist.
Studied operant conditioning in rats and pigeons.
Invented the Skinner Box, which allowed detailed recording of behaviour over time.
Established laws about how behaviour changes in response to consequence.

24
Q

Edward Thorndike

A

Behaviourist.

Studied operant conditioning in cats and came up with the law of effect.

25
Q

Sir Francis Galton

A

Studied intelligence.
Developed the Theory of Psychophysical Performance, which tested sensory processing, motor skills, and reaction.
Believed that mental ability is inherited.

26
Q

Alfred Binet

A

Studied intelligence.
Developed the first standardized intelligence test.
Developed the idea of mental age, the age at which one is performing at intellectually.

27
Q

Lewis Terman

A

Studied intelligence.
Developed the Stanford-binet intelligence scale.
Used the concept of Mental Age to develop the concept of IQ.

28
Q

Spearman

A

Studied intelligence.
Used factor analysis to determine the structure of intelligence.
Believed that intelligence performance is governed by both general intelligence and specific abilities.

29
Q

David Wechsler

A

Studied intelligence.
Discovered two problems with current intelligence tests.
1. The distinction between mental age and physical age becomes less informative when you get older.
2. Language barriers can impact IQ scores.
Developed new intelligence tests.
- Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
- Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
- Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence

Psych 102 (10 decks)

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