Chapter 8: Memory

Question 1

Atkinson-Shiffrin Model

Answer 1

1. Sensory memory
2. Short-term/working memory
3. Long-term memory
4. Serial position curve

Question 2

Sensory memory

Answer 2

Filled with sensory information.
All memories are temporary.
Selective attention to details.

Question 3

Short-term/working Memory

Answer 3

Holds a limited amount of information temporarily to process it.
Mixes new sensory information with long-term memory.

Question 4

Auditory Rehearsal

Answer 4

Repeating something to memorize it

Question 5

Executive Function

Answer 5

Choosing what you pay attention to

Question 6

Visospatial Sketchpad

Answer 6

Rearranging something in your head

Question 7

Maintenance Rehearsal

Answer 7

Simple repetition

Question 8

Elaborative Rehearsal

Answer 8

Focusing on meaning to memorize something

Question 9

Long-Term memory

Answer 9

Durable stored memories.
Unlimited storage capacity.
Memories can last for a lifetime.

Question 10

Serial Position Curve

Answer 10

Participants are read a list of unrelated words and are asked to remember as many words as possible. They will remember the words at the beginning and end of the list the best.

Question 11

Explicit Memories

Answer 11

Facts and experiences that we can consciously know and remember that are acquired through studying or rehearsing.

Question 12

Implicit Memories

Answer 12

Memories of which we are not fully aware of that are acquired through automatic processing

Question 13

Automatic Processing

Answer 13

When information goes straight from sensory experience to long-term memory with no awareness that the memory is being formed.

Question 14

Retrograde Amnesia

Answer 14

The inability to retrieve memory of the past

Question 15

Anterograde Amnesia

Answer 15

The inability to form new long-term memories

Question 16

Proactive Interference

Answer 16

When past material interferes with remembering newer materials

Question 17

Retrograde Interference

Answer 17

When new information interferes with the ability to remember older information

Question 18

The Misinformation Effect

Answer 18

The distortion of memory by misleading post-event information

Question 19

Implanted Memories

Answer 19

Picturing an event can make it seem like a real memory

Question 20

Longterm Potentiation

Answer 20

When you can remember something better because you repeat it

Question 21

Semantic Memory

Answer 21

Your general knowledge of the world

Question 22

Episodic Memory

Answer 22

Your memory of your life

Question 23

Encoding Specificity Principle

Answer 23

Belief that remembering is easiest when the information available when you’re trying to remember is similar to the information available when you learn it.

Question 24

Decay Theory

Answer 24

Belief that memories fade over time due to neglect

Question 25

Interference Theory

Answer 25

Belief that forgetting is influenced by what happens to someone before and after they learn something

Question 26

Prospective Memory

Answer 26

Being able to remember content in the future

Question 27

Retrospective Memory

Answer 27

Ability to remember content from the past

Question 28

Neurofibrillary Tangles

Answer 28

Twisted fibres within the cells of the brain causing memory loss

Question 29

Senile Plaques

Answer 29

Deposits of protein that form in the spaces between cells and may cause memory loss