Important discoveries Flashcards
Mendel
Through his breeding of garden peas he discovered the basic princaples of hederity and the science behind genetics.
Mendels experiment
True breeding plants are those that have been self-pollinated for many generations and exibit the same charastics generation after generation.
Used Pea plants, and studied the differnt seeds and their outcomes.
Mendels 1 law
The law of segregation
All indivuals have two copies seperate randomly during gameate formation, and each gamete recives one copy of every factor.
(meiosis)
During meiosis only (because were are talking about gametes
Mendels 2 law
The law of independent assortment
The two alleles for one gene seperate independently of the alleles for other genes during gamete formation
Two alleles from the same gene can seperate indepently - for other genes
Walter Sutton
He proposed that genes are carried on chromosomes and that each pair of homologous chromosomes move indepently of eachother.
Watson and crick
(Published Rosland Franklins discovery)
Claimed that the DNA in the form of double helix
Rosland Franklin
X-Ray molucules to provide evidence for the DNA model puplished later.
Morgan (fruit flies)
That linked genes are able to seperate during meiosis and then be found in differnt gametes. (Splitting of gametes with half the genetic info to then be fused with another gamete for reproduction)
Frederick Griffith
Bacteria can be reprogrammed
something inside the cell is responsible for its programming and the molecule (DNA) could be transfered from cell to cell.
(DNA can be repeated and split to be in each new cell)
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
Wanted to prove that DNA was the hereditary material ( passed down )
Radio-labeled proteins and DNA associated with different particular viruses allow them to determine that DNA from bacteria is the only substance entering bacteria upon infection.
