Imperial Reforms and Colonial Protests, 1763-1774

Question 1

Discuss territorial problems England faced after winning the Seven Years’ War

Answer 1

1. Greater territorial expansion
2. Most of the new land still under control of the native confederacies
3. Colonists eager to expand to fresh land (stagnant crop growth)
4. The westward movement brought colonists into conflict with native tribes

Question 2

How did the Treaty of Paris 1763 affect the native tribes

Answer 2

1. Tribes who had established a relationship with the French lost valuable trade partner
2. Lost bargaining power with the English
3. New colonial encroachment on their land
4. Increased British military presence
5. English decrease the amount of gunpowder traded

Question 3

Pontiac’s Rebellion

Answer 3

1. A loose coalition of native tribes against the colonist and England
2. Preached doctrine of shunning European culture and expelling Europeans from native lands
3. Horrific violence on both sides
4. Incited deep racial hatred among colonists against all Indians

Question 4

Paxton Boys

Answer 4

1. Group of Scots-Irish settlers from Paxton formed mob
2. Attacked nearby group of Conestoga natives
3. Survivors of the tribe placed in protective custody
4. Mob breaks in an kills them

Question 5

What was the Proclamation of 1763? What did it do and why was it created?

Answer 5

1. Proclamation 1763: Forbade white settlement west of the Proclamation Line (Appalachian Mts)
2. Sought to prevent further colonial bloodshed and conflict with the natives

Question 6

Outline the size and scope of Englands national debt

Answer 6

1. Increased land holdings increased financial burden

2. Debt double (needed over half of budget to pay)

Question 7

How did England seek to pay off their new debt

Answer 7

1. Sought to increase revenues through the increase of taxes
2. Gentry lobby for no new taxes on land holdings
3. Burden shifted to poor
4. Import duties increased prices on goods such as sugar and tobacco
5. New PM George Grenville (1763) ensures that colonists play their part

Question 8

Vice-admiralty courts

Answer 8

Crown-sanctioned tribunals, which settled disputes that occurred at sea, operated without juries

Question 9

Declaration of Rights and Grievances

Answer 9

1. Meeting of Congress in 1765
2. Discuss the issue of taxation
3. outlined the unconstitutionality of taxation without representation and trials without juries

Question 10

Non-importation movement

Answer 10

1. Broadened the protest against the stamp-act

2. Gave women a new active role in the political dissent

Question 11

What stemmed the creation of the First Continental Congress

Answer 11

1. The intolerable acts were a major turning point
2. They now felt that they had to take action
3. Served as a direct challenge to Lord North and British Authority in the colonies

Question 12

What did the Suffolk Resolve do, and what was it?

Answer 12

1. Provincial Congress in Ma.
2. Sept 1774 laid out plan of resistant to the intolerable acts
3. Paul Revere would ride with them t Philly and they could become the Declaration of Resolves

Question 13

What was the first congressional Congress

Answer 13

1. Elected representatives of 12 of the 13 colonies (no Georgia)
2. Met in Philly in 1774 to discuss Colonial issues

Question 14

What was Joesph Galloway’s argument?

Answer 14

Galloway favored a conciliatory approach ;proposed that an elected Grand Council in America should be paired with w royally appointed President General who would represent the crown

Question 15

What was the Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress

Answer 15

1. Demanded the repeal of all repressive acts passed since 1773
2. Agreed to a non-consumption pact against all British Goods until the acts were appealed

Question 16

What was the Petition of Congress to the King

Answer 16

1. Delegates adopted further recommendations of the Suffolk Resolves
2. Proposed that the colonies raise and regulate their own militias