Growing Pains: The New Republic, 1790-1820 Flashcards
What was the aim of Hamiltons Policies
- Promote economic growth
- Strengthen the new nations finances
- Give financial intreats such as Eastern merchants a stake in the new govt
What was Hamilton’s Proposal?
- Establish a national bank
- Adopt a proactive tariff to raise revenue
- Fund a national debt
- Assume state debts incurred during the war
- Tax distilled liquor to raise revenue
- Expand domestic manufacturing
- Subsidize domestic manufacture (rejected by Congress)
What was Hamilton’s side of the conflict between him and Jefferson
- Hamilton favored a “loose” interpretation of the Constitution
- Used implied powers of the “necessary and proper” clause to justify his proposals
- Believed that the Constitution does not forbid, but permit
What was Jefferson’s side between him and Hamilton
- Favored strict construction
2. Constitution does no permit, it forbids
What were the warnings of Washington’s farewell address
- Dangers of foreign entanglements
2. political parties
Citizens Genêt Affair
Controversy over the French Representative who tried to involve the US in France’s war against Great Britain
Democratic-Republicans
advocates of limited govt who were troubled by the expansive domestic policies of Washington’s administration and opposed the Federalists
Impressment
the practice of capturing sailors and forcing them into military service
letters of marque
French Warrants allowing ships and their crews to engage in piracy
Louisiana Purchase
Large purchase of territory in 1803
Marbury v. Madison
Landmark 1803 case establishing the Supremes Court’s power of judicial review, specifically the power to review and possibly nullify actions of Congress and the President
Revolution of 1800
The peaceful transfer of power from the Federalist to the Democratic-Republicans
The Terror
the Period of the French Revolution characterized bu extreme violence and the execution of numerous enemies of the revolutionary govt, from 1793-1794
XYZ Affair
The French attempt to extract a bribe from the US during the Quasi-War of 1798-1800
What were the major foreign and domestic uprising of the early 1790s?
- The French Revolution
Proclamation of Neutrality, 1793
The United States would adopt “a conduct friendly and impartial toward the belligerent powers”
What was the reasoning for Jay’s Treaty 1794
- Britains refusal to abide by the rules of international law (right of neutral shipping)
- Impressment of American sailors
- Failure of British to evacuate forts in the American Northwest according to the Treaty of Paris 1783
- Chief Justice John Jay sent to England to settle differences
What were the provisions of Jay’s Treaty 1794
- British would evacuate the Northwest first by June 1 1796
- Commissions would be set up to establish the amount due to American shippers for loss goods and other controversies
- England’s contention that food was contraband was accepted
- Direct commerce between the US and British East Indies was provided for
What was the importance of the Whiskey Rebellion
- Washington sent troops to squash rebellion
2. Demostrates that the government has the ability to enforce its authority
Judiciary Act, 1789
Created Supreme Court of Six Judges heads by those who were committed to the new national government
Tariff Act, 1789
- First major piece of legislation
- Placed import duties to raise revenues
- Victory for nationalists
- 50 cent per ton duty on imported goods (give the commercial advantage to American ships and goods)
Report on Public Credit 1790
- Hamilton says we need support of the wealthy for the govt to work
- Federal govt honor all its debts
- The creation of bonds (yield interests)
- Gave up the nations capital in exchange for the plan
Report on a National Bank
- Issue loans to American merchants and bills of credit
2. Serve as a repository of govt revenue from the sale of land
Report on Manufacturers
- Addressed the need to raise revenue to pay the national debt
- Tariffs on all imported goods to stimulate American growth
