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Audiology and ENT Yr2 > Impairment, disability and handicap: relationship to communication dysfunction, the speech banana. > Flashcards

Impairment, disability and handicap: relationship to communication dysfunction, the speech banana. Flashcards

1
Q

Define Impairment.

A

An impairment is any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function.

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2
Q

Define Disability.

A

A disability is any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.

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3
Q

Define Handicap.

A

A handicap is a disadvantage for a given individual, resulting from an impairment or a disability, that limits or prevents the fulfillment of a role that is normal for that individual.

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4
Q

WHO definitions summarised:
Impairment = _______________
Disability =________________
Handicap=_________________

A

Loss/abnormality
Restriction/lack of ability to perform activity
Disadvantage they have as a result of the disability (consequences)

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5
Q

Name the 2 parts linking into to the international classification of function (ICF) and disability.

A

Health Condition

Contextual Factors

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6
Q

What is meant by health condition?

A

The disease or disorder you have.

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7
Q

name the 3 components of functioning and disability.

A

Body (impairment)- structures and functions.
Activities (limitations)
Participation (restrictions).

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8
Q

What are the 2 contextual factors?

A

Environmental Factors

Personal Factors.

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9
Q

The international classification of function and disability views disability as a ___________ __________ ______________.

A

Shared Human Experience.

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10
Q

A change in body functions is also known as»>

A

A change in physiology.

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11
Q

A change in body structures is also known as»>

A

A change in anatomy.

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12
Q

What can be a negative aspect of body functions and structures?

A

Impairment.

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13
Q

Tasks and action (life areas) are involved with ___________ and _______________.

A

activities

participation

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14
Q

What are the 2 constructs within activity and participation?

A

Capacity

Performance.

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15
Q

Define Capacity.

A

Executing tasks in a standard environment.

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16
Q

Define Performance.

A

Executing tasks in the current environment.

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17
Q

What is a negative aspect of activities and participation?

A

Activities - cause limitations

Participation- causes restrictions

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18
Q

External influences on functioning and disability are known as ________ factors.

A

Environmental.

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19
Q

__________ influences on functioning and disability are known as personal factors.

A

Internal.

20
Q

What is the construct of environmental factors?

A

Facilitating or hindering impact of features on the physical, social and attitudinal world.

21
Q

Name a positive and negative aspect of environmental factors.

A

Positive- Facilitators

Negative- Barriers, Hindrances.

22
Q

Define the construct of personal factors.

A

Impact of attributes of the person.

23
Q

How should we talk to people with communication dysfunction?

A
  • Use Clear speech

- talk slower

24
Q

____________ _____________ are the physiological functions of body systems.

A

Body functions.

25
Q

what are body structures?

A

Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components.

26
Q

____________ are problems in body function or structure.

A

Impairments.

27
Q

An impairment can be a significant ___________ or _____.

A

deviation, loss

28
Q

What is activity?

A

The execution of a task or action by an individual.

29
Q

__________ ___________ are difficulties an individual may have in executing activities.

A

Activity Limitations.

30
Q

What is participation?

A

Involvement in a life situation.

31
Q

______ ___________ are problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations.

A

Participation Restrictions.

32
Q

Environmental factors make up the _____, ___ and _____ environment in which people live and conduct their lives.

A

physical
social
attitudinal

33
Q

What marks speech sounds on an audiogram?

A

The speech banana.

34
Q

What is the speech banana?

A

The speech banana is a region in which all the phonemes of the world’s languages fall on an audiogram

35
Q

If you have mild to moderate hearing loss , what phonemes will you have trouble hearing?

A

Stops
Fricatives
Sibilants
e.g. d,t,s,f

36
Q

If you have mild to moderate hearing loss, what can you still hear?

A

You can still hear vowels. (some nasals etc.)

37
Q

If you have ____/_________ hearing loss you have trouble hearing all phonemes.

A

severe/profound

38
Q

What is used in all countries in Europe to evaluate hearing aid benefit?

A

International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids

IOI-HA

39
Q

Name the 7 domains of the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA).

A
  1. Use
  2. Benefit
  3. Residual Activity Limitations
  4. Satisfaction
  5. Residual Participation Limitations
  6. Impact on others
  7. Quality of life.
40
Q

What is the most commonly used inventory?

A

Hearing Handicap Inventory - Screening Version (HHIE-S)

41
Q

What 2 factors does the HHIE-S measure?

A

Emotional Factors

Social Factors.

42
Q

How many questions does the HHIE-S have?

A

10

43
Q

Name advantages of the HHIE-S.

A
  • 10 questions, so quick and simple to complete

- Get score at end= know whether to refer them etc.

44
Q

Does a hearing problem cause you to feel embarrassed when meeting new people? (emotional or social?)

A

Emotional.

45
Q

Do you have difficulty hearing when someone speaks in a whisper? (social or emotional?)

A

Social.

46
Q

What is a slight disadvantage to the HHIE-S?

A

Some questions are outdated eg. “does a hearing problem cause you to attend religious services less often than you would like?”.

Audiology and ENT Yr2 (21 decks)

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