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Audiology and ENT Yr2 > Acquired Hearing Impairment in Children > Flashcards

Acquired Hearing Impairment in Children Flashcards

1
Q

What may conductive deafness be due to?

A

A problem in:

  • Canal
  • Ossicles
  • Middle Ear
  • Tympanic membrane.
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2
Q

What can be the problem with the ear canal?

A

It can be obstructed by wax or a foreign body which can cause conductive hearing loss.

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3
Q

Ear canal problems can rarely cause…

A

Significant hearing impairment.

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4
Q

What is acute otitis media?

A

Otitis media is an infection of the middle ear that causes inflammation (redness and swelling) aka. EAR INFECTION.

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5
Q

Acute Otitis Media is very common, especially in _________.

A

Pre-school children.

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6
Q

In acute otitis media, complications are ______.

A

Rare.

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7
Q

How long does acute otitis media last usually?

A

3 to 5 days.

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8
Q

With Acute otitis Media, we don’t expect any long term…

A

Hearing Problems.

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9
Q

What can be a problem with the eat drum?

A

It can be perforated- a part of the ear drum or the whole ear drum could be missing?

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10
Q

Do perforations affect hearing?

A

YES.

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11
Q

What can perforations also cause?

A

Discharge.

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12
Q

How are perforations fixed?

A

Sometimes they may heal on their own.

Or they may have to be repaired.

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13
Q

Name the proper name for Glue Ear.

A

Otitis Media with Effusion.

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14
Q

What is otitis media with effusion?

A

-Middle ear fluid is present for 3 months without any sign of infection.

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15
Q

Glue ear is very _______.

A

Common.

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16
Q

Why is otitis media with effusion known as glue ear?

A

As the collection of fluid behind the ear drum is thick and “glue like”.

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17
Q

What is the point prevalence of glue ear in 2 year olds?

A

20% of 2 year olds will have it.

18
Q

What is the cumulative incidence of glue ear by age 5?

A

80% of kids by age 5 will have had it at some time.

19
Q

What are the clinical features of glue ear?

A
  • most common in Pre-school child
  • Can cause mild conductive hearing loss
  • Can cause speech delay
  • Also recurrent acute otitis media
  • Asymptomatic- very subtle, no pian
20
Q

What are the risk factors for glue ear?

A
  • Male sex
  • Smoke exposure
  • Family Size (big)
  • Day Care
  • Bottle Feeding
  • Winter month (congested upper respiratory tract)
  • Acute otitis media
21
Q

Glue ear is rare in _________ __________.

A

Older children.

22
Q

Why is glue ear sometimes not treated?

A

It’s often relatively short-lived, benign and will get better on it’s own.

23
Q

For Glue ear, what do we do before treatment?

A

3 months watchful waiting.

24
Q

For medical management of glue ear, what is a complete waste of time?

A
  • Antibiotics
  • Steroids (oral, topical nasal)
  • Antihistamines
  • Decongestants
  • Nasal Balloons
25
Q

How is glue ear medically managed?

A

Through surgery.

26
Q

Name the surgery performed to get rid of glue ear.

A

-Insertion of Ventilation Tubes (grommets)

They give temporary symptomatic relief and improve hearing and infections.

27
Q

After 6 to 12 moths, what happens to the ventilation tube (grommet)?

A

They fall out.

28
Q

What is an advantage of ventilation tube surgery?

A

-painless, 2 minute surgery, come and go on same day

29
Q

After glue ear surgery, what happens?

A

The child wakes up with normal hearing so has to adjust.

30
Q

Apart from ventilation tube surgery, name another type of surgery to get rid of glue ear.

A

Adenoidectomy.

31
Q

What is adenoidectomy?

A

Removal of adenoids.

32
Q

Why are the adenoids removed to stop glue ear?

A

It removes the source of infection and inflammation (removes obstruction).

33
Q

______ are small lumps of tissue at the back of the nose, above the roof of the mouth.

A

adenoids.

34
Q

What are the advantages of adenoidectomy surgery?

A
  • sustained benefit (years)

- quality of life benefit.

35
Q

In adeniodectomy what is there a small risk of?

A

Bleeding.

36
Q

Glue ear is very ______.

A

Common.

37
Q

Glue ear is usually b______ and s_____-l______.

A

Benign and self-limiting.

38
Q

When would glue ear warrant surgery?

A

If it causes hearing impairment or lots of infection.

39
Q

Name the 2 treatment choices for glue ear.

A
  • Grommets

- Adenoidectomy

40
Q

Apart from falling out, what is another problem with grommets/ventilation tubes?

A

They can sometimes cause infection.

Audiology and ENT Yr2 (21 decks)

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