Immunology Flashcards
1
Q
C1 Esterase Inhibitor Deficiency
A
Hereditary Edema (C1 complement activates pathway)
2
Q
C3 Deficiency
A
Recurrent pyogenic URI & Sinusitis infections; Increased type III HSN
3
Q
C5-C9 Deficiency
A
Neisseria infections
4
Q
DAF Deficiency
A
complement-mediated RBC lysis –> paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
5
Q
IL-1
A
fever
6
Q
IL-2
A
T cell activation
7
Q
IL-3
A
Bone Marrow Activation
8
Q
IL-4
A
IgE
9
Q
IL-5
A
IgA & eosinophil differentiation
10
Q
IL-6
A
fever & acute phase proteins
11
Q
IL-8
A
Neutrophil chemotaxis
12
Q
IL-10
A
Inhibits inflammation
13
Q
TNF-alpha
A
septic shock mediator
14
Q
TNF-beta
A
Inhibits inflammation
15
Q
INF-alpha & -beta
A
produced by virus-infected cells –> prime uninfected cells –> if infection occurs viral dsRNA will trigger RNase L & protein kinase –> degradation of viral/host mRNA & protein synthesis inhibition –> Apoptosis
16
Q
Cell surface proteins on B-cells
A
CD19, CD20, CD21, CD40, MHC-II, B7
17
Q
Cell surface proteins on T cells
A
TCR, CD3, CD28 (binds B7)
18
Q
Cell surface proteins on Helper T cells
A
CD4, CD40
19
Q
Cell surface proteins on Cytotoxic T cells
A
CD8
20
Q
Cell surface proteins on Macrophages
A
CD14, CD40, MHC-II, B7, Fc, C3b
21
Q
Cell surface proteins on NK cells
A
CD16, CD56
22
Q
Type I HSN
A
Ag binds IgE-mast cell & basophil –> histamine release
Delayed response —> AA derivatives (Leukotriene)
23
Q
Type II HSN
A
IgM, IgG bind fixed Ag –> Opsonization & Phagocytosis or Complement-Mediated Lysis or ADCC
24
Q
Direct Coombs
A
detects Ab already bound to RBC
25
Indirect Coombs
detects free Ab
26
Type II HSN
IC deposition (IgG-Ag) in tissues activating complement
27
Serum Sickness
type III HSN --> IC deposition in tissue --> complement activation --> Arthus reaction
28
Arthus reaction
edema, necrosis, complement d/t type III HSN
29
Type IV HSN
delayed T-cell-mediated type --> Tcells bind Ag --> lymphokine release --> macrophage activation
30
Transplant rejections HSN reaction
Type IV
31
TB skin test HSN reaction
Type IV
32
Contact Dermatitis HSN reaction
Type IV
33
Hyperacute Transplantation Rejection
immediate d/t pre-existing recipient Abs react to donor Ag (type II)
34
Features of Hyperacute Transplantation Rejection
thrombosis --> ischemia & necrosis (remove graft)
35
Acute Transplantation Rejection
Cellular (CTLs attack donor MHC) & Humoral (Abs produced against donor tissue) CD4 & 8
36
ANA
SLE, Sjogren Syndrome, non-specific
37
Anti-dsDNA Ab
SLE
38
Anti-Smith Ab
SLE
39
Antiphospholipid Ab
SLE
40
Anticardiolipin Ab
SLE & used for testing for Syphilis (False +)
41
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
high levels of antiphospholipid Ab cause a hypercoaguable state --> thrombosis, stroke
42
Antihistone Ab
Drug-induced Lupus
43
Rheumatoid Factor
RA, Sjogren Syndrome
44
anti-SSA & anti-SSB
Sjogren Syndrome
45
Anti-ribonucleoprotein Ab
Sjogren Syndrome
46
CREST Syndrome (limited Scleroderma)
Calcinosis, Raynauds, Esophageal dysmotility, Sclerodactyly, Telangiectasias
47
anti-Centromere Ab
CREST Syndrome (limited Scleroderma)
48
Acute Transplantation Rejection Features
Vasculitis, dense interstitial lymphocytic infiltrates (immunosuppressives)
49
Chronic Transplantation Rejection
T-cells perceive donor MHC as self & attack donor Ags presented
50
Chronic Transplantation Rejection Features
Fibrosis, Irreversible
51
Diffuse Scleroderma Features
Raynauds, Esophageal dysmotility, Lung involvement, Renal involvement
52
Anti-DNA Topoisomerase I
Diffuse Scleroderma
53
Anti-U1 ribonucleoprotein
Mixed connective tissue disorder
54
Autoantibody Anti-ACh receptor
Mysthenia Gravis
55
Autoantibody Anti-basement membrane
Goodpasture's Syndrome
56
Autoantibody Anti-Cardiolipin
SLE
57
Autoantibody Anti-centromere
CREST Syndrome (limited Scleroderma)
58
Autoantibody Anti-Desmoglein
Pemphigus vulgaris
59
Autoantibody Anti-dsDNA
SLE
60
Autoantibody Anti-Smith
SLE
61
Autoantibody Anti-Glutamate Decarboxylase
DM type I
62
Autoantibody Anti-hemidesmosomes
Bullous pemphigus
63
Autoantibody Anti-histone
drug-induced lupus
64
Autoantibody Anti-Jo-1 (Anti-histidyl-tRNA)
Polymyositis
65
Autoantibody Anti-SRP
Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis
66
Autoantibody Anti-Mi-2
Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis
67
Autoantibody Anti-microsomal
Hashimoto thyroiditis
68
Autoantibody Anti-thyroglobulin
Hashimoto thyroiditis
69
Autoantibody Anti-mitochondrial
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
70
Autoantibody Anti-nuclear
SLE, non-specific
71
Autoantibody Anti-Scl-70 (DNA topoisomerase 1)
Scleroderma (diffuse)
72
Autoantibody Anti-smooth muscle
Autoimmune Hepatitis
73
Autoantibody Anti-SSA/SSB
Sjogrens Syndrome
74
Autoantibody Anti-Ro & Anti-La
Sjogrens Syndrome
75
Autoantibody Anti-TSH receptor
Graves Disease
76
Autoantibody Anti-UI ribonucleotide
Mixed CT disease
77
Autoantibody c-ANCA
Granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis (Wegener)
78
Autoantibody p-ANCA
Microscopic polyangiitis, Churg-Strauss Syndrome
79
Autoantibody Rheumatoid Factor
Rheumatoid Arthritis
80
Autoantibody Anti-CCP
Rheumatoid Arthritis
81
IgA antiendomysial
Celiac Disease
82
Goodpasture's Disease is a Type _____ HSN
type II
83
SLE is a Type _____ HSN
type III
84
SLE genetic susceptibility
HLA-DR2/3
85
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia defect
BTK defect (Bruton Tyrosine kinase)
86
Acute GVHD
CD8 & cytokines
87
Chronic GVHD
CD4 & cytokines
88
speckled ANA
Mixed CT disease
89
Tacrolimus
transplant rejection prophylactic (FK506) to reduce T cell activation med by IL-2
90
Common Variable Immunodeficiency
defect in Bcell differentiation (low # plasma cells, low Ig)
91
Selective IgA Deficiency
Most common; low IgA, normal IgG & IgM
92
Hyper IgM Syndrome
Class switching defect -> Th fxn reduced (X-linked, defective CD40L)
93
Hyper IgM Syndrome defect
CD40L on Th cells
94
DiGeorge Syndrome
22q11 deletion ---> athymic (T-cell deficiency), absent parathyroid (hypocalcemia), ToF, TA
95
2 causes of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
defective IL-2R gamma chain (X-linked)
| Deficient Adenosine Deaminase (AR)
96
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
low # T-cells (infants w/ candida, diarrhea, viral, bacterial)
97
Wiskott-Aldrich defect
mutation in WAS gene (X-linked) -> inability to reorganize actin cytoskeleton
98
Wiskott-Aldrich Sx
Thrombocytopenic purpura, eczema, recurrent infection
99
Wiskott-Aldrich Labs
low IgG, IgM
| High IgE, IgA
100
Chediak-Higaski
Defect in lysosomal trafficking regulator gene (LYST) -> MT dysfunction
101
Chediak-Higaski Sx
pyogenic infections, albinism, lymphohistiocytosis
102
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
deficient in NADPH oxidase = infxn w/catalase positive S. aureus, Candida, Aspergillus
103
Amyloidosis
Congo red stain showing apple-green biferengence
104
Multiple Myeloma
proliferation of plasma cells --> amyloidosis d/t free light chain deposition in tissues
105
ALL defect
Tyrosine kinase mutations (BCR-ABL), transcription factor mutations (PML, MML)
106
ALL Sx
depression of BM fxn – anemia, infection, bleeding
107
AML Stain
MPO+
108
ALL Stain
PAS+
109
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
lymphocytosis > 4000 (CLL)
110
Mantle Cell Lymphoma Markers
IgM & IgD, CD19, 20, 5
111
Reed Sternberg Cell
Hodgkin
112
Popcorn cell
Reed-Steinburg cell variant - lymphohistiocyte CD20
