Immuno Flashcards

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1
Q

Differentiate positive vs. negative selection of T cells and where does each process occur?

A
  • Positive: T cells expressing a TCR able to bind self MHC are allowed to survive; occurs in thymic cortex
  • Negative: T cells possessing TCRs that bind with high affinity to self antigen or self MHC class I or II are eliminated by apoptosis; occurs in thymic medulla
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2
Q

Septic arthritis in a young, sexually active adult should raise for suspicion for what organism?

A

Disseminated N. gonorrhea infection

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3
Q

Which important cause of UTI’s does not cause hemolysis (gamma-hemolytic) when grown on blood agar?

A

Enterococcus - Gram-positive cocci in pairs and chains

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4
Q

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) type 1 results from the absence of what; leading to the inability to synthesize what?

A

Absence of CD18 —> inability to synthesize the beta-2 integrins Mac-1 and LFA1, affecting tight adhesion, crawling, and transmigration

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5
Q

How does HBV assist with the life cycle of HDV?

A

HBsAg must coat the HDAg of HDV before it can infect hepatocytes and multiply

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6
Q

Hyper IgM syndrome is most often due to a deficiency in what; how is it inherited?

A

CD40L deficiency; X-linked recessive

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7
Q

Which antibodies are specific for limited scleroderma (CREST) and diffuse scleroderma?

A
  • CREST syndrome = anti-centromere antibodies
  • Diffuse scleroderma = anti-DNA topoisomerase I (Scl-70) antibodies
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8
Q

What is the difference between Janway lesions and Osler nodes associated with Infective Endocarditis?

A
  • Janeway: are nontender, macular, and erythematous lesions on the palms and sole; result of septic embolization from valvular vegetations
  • Osler nodes: are tender, violaceous nodules located on the pulp of fingers and toes; due to immune-complex deposition in the skin
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