Immunisations Flashcards
What is a natural and artificial form of passive immunity?
Natural - transplacental transfer
Artificial - human IgG from blood donor
Give 3 examples of diseases prevented by human IgG donation.
HepB, rabies and VZV
Give examples of live virus vaccines.
OPV (polio), MMR, varicella, rotavirus, flu.
What are the 3 types of inactivated vaccines?
Suspensions of whole killed organisms
Subunit vaccines
Conjugate vaccines (polysaccharide attached to immunogenic proteins)
Give 2 examples of vaccines which use suspensions of killed organisms.
Whole cell pertussis, whole cell typoid.
Give examples of subunit vaccines.
Diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, pertussis toxoid, pneumomcoccal, typhoid
Give 2 examples of conjugate vaccines.
Hib, MenC
What are the possible contraindications to vaccines?
- Confirmed anaphylaxis to previous dose of same antigen or vaccine component.
- Immunosuppression and pregnancy for live vaccines.
- Egg allergy for yellow fever and flu
- Severe latex allergy
- Acute or evolving illness (wait till it is over/stabilised).
What is the population percentage vaccination required for her immunity disease eradication dependent on?
Ro - basic reproduction number.
What diseases are covered by the hexavalent vaccine?
Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, Hib, hepB.
What vaccines should a child at 2 months be given?
Hexavalent (DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB)
MenB
Rotavirus
PCV (pneumococcal)
What vaccines should a child at 3 months be given?
Hexavalent
Rotavirus
What vaccines should a child at 4 months be given?
Hexavalent
MenB
PCV (pneumococcal)
What should a child at 12-13 months be given?
MenB
PCV
Hib/MenC
MMR
What should a child at 3 years 4 months to 5 years should be given?
MMR
DTaP/IPV (diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis, polio)
