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Infection > Immunisation and Prophylaxis > Flashcards

Immunisation and Prophylaxis Flashcards

1
Q

describe the 2 different types of immunity

A

innate-born with it

adaptive-has evolved over time

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2
Q

what types of adaptive immunity is there

A

natural or artificial(immunisation)

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3
Q

what is the body response to infection

A

primary response

secondary response-immunological memory

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4
Q

what are the different types of vaccines

A

live -attenuated
killed-inactivated
detoxified
subunit

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5
Q

describe live vaccines

A 
only requires one dose 
MMR
polio
BCG
yellow fever 
typhoid
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6
Q

describe killed vaccines

A

usually 3 vaccines
polio
hep A
rabies

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7
Q

describe detoxified vaccines

A

toxin treated with formalin

tetanus

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8
Q

describe subunit vaccines

A

disrupted virus

hep B

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9
Q

describe recombinant vaccines

A

DNA segment is removed and changed

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10
Q

what is in the 6 in 1 vaccine, infirina hexa

A 
D	=	purified diphtheria toxoid
T	=	purified tetanus toxoid
aP	=	purified Bordetella pertussis 
IPV=	inactivated polio virus
Hib=	purified component of Haemophilus 			influenzae b
HBV=	hepatitis B rDNA
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11
Q

describe the immunisation schedule

A 
1 year- menB and MMR
2-8 influenza
3-5 3 in 1 booster and MMR
girls 12-13 HPV
14- 3 in 1 booster
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12
Q

describe the BCG vaccine

A

for new immigrants
health workers
school children are screened and immunised where appropriate

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13
Q

describe hep B vaccine

A

all children born in 2018
healthcare workers
given at 0, 1m, 2m and 1 year

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14
Q

describe varicella zoster vaccine

A

chicken pox
only for patients with suppressed immune system eg cancer
live attenuated virus
2 doses 4-8 weeks apart

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15
Q

describe herpes-zoster (shingles)

A

all elderly 70-80

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16
Q

what is passive immunisation

A

immune system has it naturally or is gained from giving antibodies

17
Q

what is human normal immnoglobin

A

contains antibodies against hep a, rubella and measles

18
Q

what is disease specific immunoglobin, post exposure

A

contains hep b, rabies

19
Q

what to include in the risk assessment for a traveller

A 
health of traveller
area to be visited
duration of visit
accomodation
remote areas 
fitfortravel.com
20
Q

what kind of advice to give

A

safe sex
hand washing
care with water
traffic

21
Q

common immunisations for travellers

A 
tetnus
yellow fever
rabies
thyphoid 
polio
22
Q

name the different types of prophylaxis

A

chemoprophylaxis against malaria
post exposure
HIV post exposure, sexual intercourse
surgical antibiotic

23
Q

what is the ABCD of malaria prevention

A

awareness of risk
bite protection-cover up
chemoprophylaxis-malarone daily, doxycycline
diagnosis and treatment

Infection (13 decks)

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