Immunisation and Prophylaxis Flashcards
describe the 2 different types of immunity
innate-born with it
adaptive-has evolved over time
what types of adaptive immunity is there
natural or artificial(immunisation)
what is the body response to infection
primary response
secondary response-immunological memory
what are the different types of vaccines
live -attenuated
killed-inactivated
detoxified
subunit
describe live vaccines
only requires one dose MMR polio BCG yellow fever typhoid
describe killed vaccines
usually 3 vaccines
polio
hep A
rabies
describe detoxified vaccines
toxin treated with formalin
tetanus
describe subunit vaccines
disrupted virus
hep B
describe recombinant vaccines
DNA segment is removed and changed
what is in the 6 in 1 vaccine, infirina hexa
D = purified diphtheria toxoid T = purified tetanus toxoid aP = purified Bordetella pertussis IPV= inactivated polio virus Hib= purified component of Haemophilus influenzae b HBV= hepatitis B rDNA
describe the immunisation schedule
1 year- menB and MMR 2-8 influenza 3-5 3 in 1 booster and MMR girls 12-13 HPV 14- 3 in 1 booster
describe the BCG vaccine
for new immigrants
health workers
school children are screened and immunised where appropriate
describe hep B vaccine
all children born in 2018
healthcare workers
given at 0, 1m, 2m and 1 year
describe varicella zoster vaccine
chicken pox
only for patients with suppressed immune system eg cancer
live attenuated virus
2 doses 4-8 weeks apart
describe herpes-zoster (shingles)
all elderly 70-80
what is passive immunisation
immune system has it naturally or is gained from giving antibodies
what is human normal immnoglobin
contains antibodies against hep a, rubella and measles
what is disease specific immunoglobin, post exposure
contains hep b, rabies
what to include in the risk assessment for a traveller
health of traveller area to be visited duration of visit accomodation remote areas fitfortravel.com
what kind of advice to give
safe sex
hand washing
care with water
traffic
common immunisations for travellers
tetnus yellow fever rabies thyphoid polio
name the different types of prophylaxis
chemoprophylaxis against malaria
post exposure
HIV post exposure, sexual intercourse
surgical antibiotic
what is the ABCD of malaria prevention
awareness of risk
bite protection-cover up
chemoprophylaxis-malarone daily, doxycycline
diagnosis and treatment
