Fungal Infections

Question 1

list the 3 main fungal pathogens

Answer 1

aspergillus fumigatus-pulomonary
candida albicans-thrush, meningitis
crypto coccus neoformans-meningitis

Question 2

what does it mean they are opportunistic in nature

Answer 2

affect people with immune deficiencies
HIV
people with chronic lung diseases

Question 3

describe mucocutaneous candidiasis

Answer 3

moist areas

antibiotic use

Question 4

describe invasive candidiasis

Answer 4

risk due to abdominal surgey
opportunistic
diagnose with blood cultures
PCR assays

Question 5

describe pulmonary aspergillus

Answer 5

sporulation 
airborne/inhalation
active invasive in neutropenic patients
chronic for underlying lung diseases 
allergic bronchopulmonary asperogillus in CF or asthma

Question 6

explain pulmonary aspergilloma

Answer 6

fungal mass that grows in lung cavities

Question 7

describe cryptococcus

Answer 7

transmitted by inhalation
lead to meningoencephalitis in meningitis
headache, confusion
CSF and blood cultures

Question 8

mortality due to cryptococcus

Answer 8

delay in diagnosis
shortage of anti-fungals
delays in starting treatment

Question 9

explain amphotericin B action

Answer 9

acting on estrogrol, lysis

Question 10

explain azoles

Answer 10

inhibiting esterogol synthesis

Question 11

explain echinocandins

Answer 11

inhibiting glucan synthesis

Question 12

explain flucytosine

Answer 12

inhibit DNA synthesis

Question 13

how do you treat invasive candidiasis

Answer 13

echinocandins or fluconazole

Question 14

how do you treat invasive asperigillus

Answer 14

voriconazole

Question 15

how to treat crypto coccus meningitis

Answer 15

am B and flucytosine and then fluconazole