immune system Flashcards
immune system
protects body against invading pathogens including: bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protist
immune system includes the lymphatic system which is? and ?
lymph, lymph capillaries, lymph vessel, and lymph nodes
- also red bone marrow and leukocytes
lymph nodes function?
filter the lymph of pathogens and other matter
what is lymph?
a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells,
what are peyer’s patches? and where are they located?
located in the small intestine and protects the digestive system from pathogens
what does the spleen do?
cleans the blood of dead cells and pathogens
what does the thymus do?
serves as maturation chamber for the immature T cells that are formed in the bone marrow
what does the tonsils do? and where are they located?
located in the pharynx protect against pathogens enter the body through the mouth and throat
what are the lymphatic tissue?
tonsils, adenoids, thymus, spleen, and Peyer’s patches
where are lymph nodes concentrated at?
neck, armpits, and groin areas
body’s general immune defense:
skin-first barrier of defense
ciliated mucous membranes- cilia sweet pathogens out respiratory tract
glandular secretions- secretions from exocrine glands to destroy bacteria
gastric secretions - gastric acid destroys pathogens
normal bacterial populations- compete with pathogens in gut and vagina
what are phagocytes?
a type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles
what does phagocytes and inflammation do ?
mobilize white blood cells and chemical reactions to stop infection
what does plasma proteins do?
act as the complement systems to repel bacteria and pathogens
3 types of white blood cells:
macrophages: phagocytes that alert T cells of presence of foreign substance
T Lymphocytes: directly attack cells infected
B lymphocytes: target specific bacteria for destruction
what other cells also contribute to body’s defense?
memory cells, suppressor T cells, and helper T cells
function of eosinophils? and define
large, long-living phagocytes that defend against multicellular invaders (leukocyte)
Leukocytes define
white blood cells that are produced in the red bone marrow. can be classified as:
monocytes - macrophages and dendritic cells
granulocytes- neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils
t lymphocytes, b lymphocytes, or natural killer cells
what are macrophages and where are they found?
found traveling in the lymph or fixed in lymphatic tissue are largest long living phagocytes that engulf and destroy pathogens
what do dendritic cells do?
present antigens to T cells
what are neutrophils and what do they do?
short living phagocytes that respond quickly to invaders
what do basophils do?
alert the body of invasion
T lymphocytes (T cells) include:
helper t cells, killer t cells, suppressor t cells, and memory t cells
helper t cells functions…
help the body fight infections by producing antibodies and other chemicals
