Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > immune system > Flashcards

immune system Flashcards

1
Q

immune system

A

protects body against invading pathogens including: bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

immune system includes the lymphatic system which is? and ?

A

lymph, lymph capillaries, lymph vessel, and lymph nodes

- also red bone marrow and leukocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

lymph nodes function?

A

filter the lymph of pathogens and other matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is lymph?

A

a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are peyer’s patches? and where are they located?

A

located in the small intestine and protects the digestive system from pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does the spleen do?

A

cleans the blood of dead cells and pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does the thymus do?

A

serves as maturation chamber for the immature T cells that are formed in the bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the tonsils do? and where are they located?

A

located in the pharynx protect against pathogens enter the body through the mouth and throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the lymphatic tissue?

A

tonsils, adenoids, thymus, spleen, and Peyer’s patches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where are lymph nodes concentrated at?

A

neck, armpits, and groin areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

body’s general immune defense:

A

skin-first barrier of defense
ciliated mucous membranes- cilia sweet pathogens out respiratory tract
glandular secretions- secretions from exocrine glands to destroy bacteria
gastric secretions - gastric acid destroys pathogens
normal bacterial populations- compete with pathogens in gut and vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are phagocytes?

A

a type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does phagocytes and inflammation do ?

A

mobilize white blood cells and chemical reactions to stop infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does plasma proteins do?

A

act as the complement systems to repel bacteria and pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

3 types of white blood cells:

A

macrophages: phagocytes that alert T cells of presence of foreign substance
T Lymphocytes: directly attack cells infected
B lymphocytes: target specific bacteria for destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what other cells also contribute to body’s defense?

A

memory cells, suppressor T cells, and helper T cells

17
Q

function of eosinophils? and define

A

large, long-living phagocytes that defend against multicellular invaders (leukocyte)

18
Q

Leukocytes define

A

white blood cells that are produced in the red bone marrow. can be classified as:
monocytes - macrophages and dendritic cells
granulocytes- neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils
t lymphocytes, b lymphocytes, or natural killer cells

19
Q

what are macrophages and where are they found?

A

found traveling in the lymph or fixed in lymphatic tissue are largest long living phagocytes that engulf and destroy pathogens

20
Q

what do dendritic cells do?

A

present antigens to T cells

21
Q

what are neutrophils and what do they do?

A

short living phagocytes that respond quickly to invaders

22
Q

what do basophils do?

A

alert the body of invasion

23
Q

T lymphocytes (T cells) include:

A

helper t cells, killer t cells, suppressor t cells, and memory t cells

24
Q

helper t cells functions…

A

help the body fight infections by producing antibodies and other chemicals

25
Q

killer t cells functions…

A

destroy cells that are infected with a virus or pathogen and tumor cells

26
Q

suppressor t cells function…

A

stop or suppress the other t cells when the battle is over

27
Q

memory t cells function

A

remain in the blood on alert in case the invader attacks again

28
Q

b lymphocytes (b cells) function

A

produce antibodies

29
Q

what are antigens?

A

proteins found on the surface of pathogen. stimulates the immune system
could also be drugs, toxins, or foreign particles

30
Q

what is typical immune response ?

A

after pathogen enters its engulfed by macrophage which presents fragments of antigen on surface. helper t cell joins macrophage and killer t cells and b cell are activated. killer t cells search out and destroy cell presenting same antigen. b cell differentiate into plasma cells and memory cells

31
Q

plasma cells functions

A

produce antibodies specific to that pathogen or foreign substance.

32
Q

antibodies function?

A

bind to antigens on the surface of pathogens and mark them for destruction by other phagocytes

33
Q

innate immune system…

A

protects and individual from pathogens at birth

34
Q

adaptive immunity..

A

when individual encounters infection or has an immunization, the individual develops adaptive immunity that reacts to pathogens

Anatomy (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions