Immune Response and Concept Flashcards
The initial response by the immune system is determined by:
- the nature of the pathogen
- the environment in pathogen is encountered
T/F. A pathogen is an organism that can cause disease.
True
Name this recognition molecule.
- Genes from sex cells passed down from parents
- bind to PAMPs/DAMPs
- germ line encoded
PRR: pattern recognition receptors
BCRs and TCRs are randomly generated but bind to…
specific antigens rather than generic molecules found on many pathogens
Humoral immunity combats pathogens via:
antibodies
Antibodies are produced by?
A. B-cells
B. T-cells
C. gametes
A. B-cells
Cell-mediated immunity primarily involves which cells?
T-cells
- helper T-cells
- cytotoxic T-cells
(_____) that encounter antigens produce the antibody specificity of their cell membrane immunoglobulin.
B-cells
T/F. B-cell receptors bind specific peptides presented by MHC molecules
False. T-cell receptors bind specific peptides presented by MHC molecules.
Our immune response generates random or specific BCRs and TCRs?
random
What happens when an individual T or B cell interacts with its single, specific antigen?
It is selected and becomes activated.
What does activation result in?
Proliferation: producing several clones
Tolerance ensures what about host tissue?
- ensures the immune system avoids destroying the host tissue by discriminating between self and nonself
- eliminates nonself
Many of the random arrangements used to create BCRs and TCRs could be (_____).
A. self
B. antiself
B. antiself
Describe innate immunity response characteristics, receptors, and cell types.
Response: fast, nonspecific
Receptors: germ-line (PRRs)
Cells: phagocytic, macrophages
Describe adaptive immunity response characteristics, receptors, and cell types.
Response: humoral/cell-mediated
- slow, highly specific
Receptors: randomly generated (BCRs, TCRs)
Cells: B-cells/T-cells
What immune system is the first line of defense? Which one follows?
Innate immunity is the first line of defense and produce signals that stimulates adaptive immune response.
Which type of immunity has memory and can respond more swiftly upon second exposure?
Adaptive immunity
