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NAPLEX > ID IV: Opportunistic Infections > Flashcards

ID IV: Opportunistic Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Criteria for starting PCP prophy

A

CD4 <200 or AIDS-defining illness

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2
Q

Primary PCP prophy choice

A

Bactrim QD

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3
Q

Alternative PCP prophy options

A

Dapsone +/- pyrimethamine/leucovorin
Atovaquone +/- pyrimethamine/leucovorin

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4
Q

Criteria for D/C’ing PCP prophy

A

CD4 count >200 cells for >3 months on ART
Can consider if CD4 count is 100-200 and viral load has been undectable for ≥3-6 months

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5
Q

Criteria for starting Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis prophy

A

CD4 <100, toxoplasma IgG positive

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6
Q

Primary Toxoplasma prophy option

A

Bactrim DS QD

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7
Q

Alternative Toxoplasma prophy options

A

Dapsone/pyrimethamine/leucovorin
Atovaquone +/- pyrimethamine/leucovorin

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8
Q

Criteria for D/C’ing Toxoplasma prophy

A

Same as PCP prophy D/C criteria
Can consider if the CD4 count is 100-200 and viral load has been undetectable for ≥3-6 months

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9
Q

Criteria for starting MAC prophy

A

CD4 <50 and isn’t on ART

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10
Q

Preferred MAC prophy

A

Azithromycin 1200mg QW

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11
Q

Alternative MAC prophy options

A

Azithromycin 600mg BIW
Clarithromycin 500mg BID

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12
Q

When to D/C MAC prophy

A

Starting ART

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13
Q

Preferred treatment for candidiasis

A

Fluconazole

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14
Q

Alternative treatment for candidiasis: oropharyngeal

A

itraconazole, posaconazole

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15
Q

Alternative treatment for candidiasis: esophageal

A

voriconazole, Cresemba, enchinocandin

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16
Q

Secondary prophy treatment for candidiasis

A

Not recommended

17
Q

Cryptococcal meningitis preferred treatment

A

Amphotericin B with flucytosine

18
Q

Alternate cryptococcal meningitis treatment

A

Fluconazole with flucytosine
Amphotericin B with fluconazole

19
Q

Cryptococcal meningitis secondary prophy treatment

A

Low-dose fluconazole

20
Q

CMV preferred treatment options

A

Valganiciclovir, ganiciclovir

21
Q

Alternate CMV treatment options

A

foscarnet, cidofovir

22
Q

CMV secondary prophy treatment

A

None; just keep the CD4 count >100

23
Q

MAC preferred treatment options

A

Clarithromycin or azithromycin + ethambutol

24
Q

MAC alternate treatment options

A

Add on a third or fourth agent with rifabuzin, amikacin, streptomycin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin

25
Q

MAC secondary prophy treatment

A

Same as treatment option

26
Q

PCP preferred treatment

A

High dose Bactrim

27
Q

PCP alternate treatment options

A

Atovaquone
Pentamidine IV

28
Q

PCP secondary prophy treatment

A

Same as primary prophy Tx

29
Q

Toxoplasma preferred treatment

A

Pyrimethamine + leucovorin + sulfadiazine

30
Q

Toxoplasma alternate treatment

A

Bactrim

31
Q

Toxoplasma secondary prophy treatment

A

Same as treatment, just smaller doses

32
Q

Risks for toxoplasma

A

undercooked/raw meat, cat feces/litter

NAPLEX (18 decks)

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