ID I: Bugs and Drugs Flashcards
Gram positive cocci in clusters
MRSA, MSSA
Gram positive cocci in pairs and chains
Strep pneumo
Strep spp.
Enterococcus (VRE)
Gram positive rods
Listeria
Corynebacterium
Gram positive anaerobes
Peptostreptococcus
Propionibacterium acnes
C. diff
Clostridium
Gram negative cocci
Neisseria
Gram negative rods that colonize the gut
Proteus
E. coli
Klebsiella
Serratia
Enterobacter cloacae
Citrobacter
Gram negative rods that DON’T colonize the gut
Pseudomonas
H. influenzae
Providencia
Gram negative coccibacilli
Acinetobacter
Bordetella
Moraxella
Gram negative anaerobes
B. fragilis
Prevotella
ABX that are folic acid synthesis inhibitors
Sulfonamides
TMP
Dapsone
ABX that are cell wall inhibitors
Beta-lactams
Monobactams
Vanco
Dalbavancin
Telavancin
Oritavancin
ABX that are protein synthesis inhibitors
AGs
Macrolides
TTCs
Clindamycin
Linezolid, tedizolid
Quinupristin/dalfopristin
ABX that are cell membrane inhibitors
Polymixins
Dapto
Telavancin
Oritavancin
ABX that are DNA/RNA inhibitors
Quinolones
Metronidazole
Tinidazole
Rifampin
Hydrophilic ABX
Beta-lactams
AGs
Vanco
Dapto
Polymixins
Lipophilic ABX
TTCs
Linezolid
Quinolones
Macrolides
Rifampin
Hint: these don’t require renal dose adjustment!
ABX that exhibit concentration-dependent killing (Cmax:MIC)
AGs
Quinolones
Dapto
ABX that exhibit exposure-dependent killing (AUC:MIC)
Vanco
Macrolides
TTCs
Polymixins
ABX that exhibit time-dependent killing (time>MIC)
Beta-lactams
ABX commonly used for MSSA
dicloxacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin
cefazolin, cephalexin, other 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins
amox/clav, amp/sulbactam
ABX commonly used for MRSA
vanco
linezolid
dapto (just not in PNA)
ceftaroline
SMX/TMP (MRSA SSTIs)
doxycycline, minocycline (MRSA SSTIs)
clindamycin (MRSA SSTIs)
ABX commonly used for VRE
Penicillin G
ampicillin
linezolid
dapto
nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, doxycycline- cystitis only
ABX commonly used for atypicals
azithromycin, clarithromycin
doxycycline, minocycline
quinolones
ABX commonly used for HNPEK organisms
beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors
cephalosporins (except 1st generation)
carbapenems
AGs
quinolones
SMX/TMP
ABX commonly used for Pseudomonas
pip/tazo
cefepime
ceftazadime
ceftazadime/avibactam
ceftolozine/tazobactam
carbapenems (but NOT ertapenem)
cipro, levo
aztreonam
tobramycin
colistimethate, polymixin B
ABX commonly used for CAPES organisms
pip/tazo
cefepime
carbapenems
AGs
colistimethate, polymixin B
C (cefepime, carbapenems, colistimethate)
A (AGs)
P (pip/tazo, polymixin B)
ABX commonly used for ESBL producing negative-gram rods (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis)
carbapenems
ceftazadime/avibactam
ceftolozane/tazobactam
ABX commonly used for CRE
ceftazadime/avibactam
colistimethate, polymixin B
meropenem/vaborbactam
imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam
ABX commonly used for B. fragilis
Metronidazole
Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor
cefotetan, cefoxitin
carbapenems
moxifloxacin (has reduced activity so not first choice)
ABX commonly used for C. diff
PO vanco
fidaxomicin
metronidazole
Storage requirements: which ABX can you NOT put in the fridge?
Cefdinir (suspension)
Flagyl (IV)
Moxifloxacin (IV)
Storage requirements: which ABX do you put in the fridge after reconstitution?
Penicillin VK
Ampicillin
Amox/clav
ABX that can cause a false-positive urine glucose test (4 drugs)
PCNs
Cephalosporins
Imipenem
Isoniazid
ABX that you can’t use in G6PD deficiency (6 drugs)
Dapsone
Chloroquine
Nitrofurantoin
Primaquine
Probenecid
SMX
ABX that can cause DILE (3 drugs)
isoniazid
minocycline
terbinafine
ABX that can cause a positive Coombs test
beta-lactamase inhibitors
cephalosporins
isoniazid
nitrofurantoin
PCNs
quinine
rifampin
SMX
