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NAPLEX > ID I: Bugs and Drugs > Flashcards

ID I: Bugs and Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Gram positive cocci in clusters

A

MRSA, MSSA

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2
Q

Gram positive cocci in pairs and chains

A

Strep pneumo
Strep spp.
Enterococcus (VRE)

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3
Q

Gram positive rods

A

Listeria
Corynebacterium

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4
Q

Gram positive anaerobes

A

Peptostreptococcus
Propionibacterium acnes
C. diff
Clostridium

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5
Q

Gram negative cocci

A

Neisseria

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6
Q

Gram negative rods that colonize the gut

A

Proteus
E. coli
Klebsiella
Serratia
Enterobacter cloacae
Citrobacter

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7
Q

Gram negative rods that DON’T colonize the gut

A

Pseudomonas
H. influenzae
Providencia

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8
Q

Gram negative coccibacilli

A

Acinetobacter
Bordetella
Moraxella

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9
Q

Gram negative anaerobes

A

B. fragilis
Prevotella

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10
Q

ABX that are folic acid synthesis inhibitors

A

Sulfonamides
TMP
Dapsone

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11
Q

ABX that are cell wall inhibitors

A

Beta-lactams
Monobactams
Vanco
Dalbavancin
Telavancin
Oritavancin

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12
Q

ABX that are protein synthesis inhibitors

A

AGs
Macrolides
TTCs
Clindamycin
Linezolid, tedizolid
Quinupristin/dalfopristin

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13
Q

ABX that are cell membrane inhibitors

A

Polymixins
Dapto
Telavancin
Oritavancin

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14
Q

ABX that are DNA/RNA inhibitors

A

Quinolones
Metronidazole
Tinidazole
Rifampin

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15
Q

Hydrophilic ABX

A

Beta-lactams
AGs
Vanco
Dapto
Polymixins

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16
Q

Lipophilic ABX

A

TTCs
Linezolid
Quinolones
Macrolides
Rifampin

Hint: these don’t require renal dose adjustment!

17
Q

ABX that exhibit concentration-dependent killing (Cmax:MIC)

A

AGs
Quinolones
Dapto

18
Q

ABX that exhibit exposure-dependent killing (AUC:MIC)

A

Vanco
Macrolides
TTCs
Polymixins

19
Q

ABX that exhibit time-dependent killing (time>MIC)

A

Beta-lactams

20
Q

ABX commonly used for MSSA

A

dicloxacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin
cefazolin, cephalexin, other 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporins
amox/clav, amp/sulbactam

21
Q

ABX commonly used for MRSA

A

vanco
linezolid
dapto (just not in PNA)
ceftaroline
SMX/TMP (MRSA SSTIs)
doxycycline, minocycline (MRSA SSTIs)
clindamycin (MRSA SSTIs)

22
Q

ABX commonly used for VRE

A

Penicillin G
ampicillin
linezolid
dapto
nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, doxycycline- cystitis only

23
Q

ABX commonly used for atypicals

A

azithromycin, clarithromycin
doxycycline, minocycline
quinolones

24
Q

ABX commonly used for HNPEK organisms

A

beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors
cephalosporins (except 1st generation)
carbapenems
AGs
quinolones
SMX/TMP

25
Q

ABX commonly used for Pseudomonas

A

pip/tazo
cefepime
ceftazadime
ceftazadime/avibactam
ceftolozine/tazobactam
carbapenems (but NOT ertapenem)
cipro, levo
aztreonam
tobramycin
colistimethate, polymixin B

26
Q

ABX commonly used for CAPES organisms

A

pip/tazo
cefepime
carbapenems
AGs
colistimethate, polymixin B

C (cefepime, carbapenems, colistimethate)
A (AGs)
P (pip/tazo, polymixin B)

27
Q

ABX commonly used for ESBL producing negative-gram rods (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis)

A

carbapenems
ceftazadime/avibactam
ceftolozane/tazobactam

28
Q

ABX commonly used for CRE

A

ceftazadime/avibactam
colistimethate, polymixin B
meropenem/vaborbactam
imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam

29
Q

ABX commonly used for B. fragilis

A

Metronidazole
Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor
cefotetan, cefoxitin
carbapenems
moxifloxacin (has reduced activity so not first choice)

30
Q

ABX commonly used for C. diff

A

PO vanco
fidaxomicin
metronidazole

31
Q

Storage requirements: which ABX can you NOT put in the fridge?

A

Cefdinir (suspension)
Flagyl (IV)
Moxifloxacin (IV)

32
Q

Storage requirements: which ABX do you put in the fridge after reconstitution?

A

Penicillin VK
Ampicillin
Amox/clav

33
Q

ABX that can cause a false-positive urine glucose test (4 drugs)

A

PCNs
Cephalosporins
Imipenem
Isoniazid

34
Q

ABX that you can’t use in G6PD deficiency (6 drugs)

A

Dapsone
Chloroquine
Nitrofurantoin
Primaquine
Probenecid
SMX

35
Q

ABX that can cause DILE (3 drugs)

A

isoniazid
minocycline
terbinafine

36
Q

ABX that can cause a positive Coombs test

A

beta-lactamase inhibitors
cephalosporins
isoniazid
nitrofurantoin
PCNs
quinine
rifampin
SMX

NAPLEX (18 decks)

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