ID Flashcards
What colour are gram-negative bacteria?
Pink
What colour are gram-positive bacteria?
Purple
Why would mycoplasma not take up a gram stain?
Lacks cell walls
Gram positive bacteria:
Purple
Trueperella pyogenes Bacillus cereus Clostridium perfringens Clostridium septicum Corynebacterium species Mycobacterium microtii Streptococcus equii
Gram-negative bacteria:
Acinetobacter baumannii (can acquire multi-drug resistance) Campylobacter jejuni (gastroenteritis) Eschericia coli Fusobacterium species (abscesses)
Yeast and fungi:
Candida albicans (yeas tgram positive) Malassezia pachydermitis (yeast, gram positive) Trichophyton equinum
Streptococci appearance:
String/chain of oval-shapes
Staphylococci appearance:
Bunch of grapes
What test allows you to identify between streptococci and staphylococci?
What is the result?
Catalase test
Production of oxygen bubbles indicates presence of catalase
If positive -> Staphylococcus
Tetracocci appearance?
Groups of 4 oval shapes
What are the 4 rod types?
Curved rods
Comma shaped
Diplobacilli (paired)
Streptobacilli (rods in chains)
What shaped rod is campylobacter?
Comma shaped
What colour do yeast appear on a gram stain?
Purple (gram positive)
What is the result of an oxidase test?
Colour change from colourless to blue
What is mycology?
Study of fungi
Describe 3 types of lab diagnostics with which an infection with a micro-organism can be confirmed
Antigen detection
Direct microscopic observation
Detection of nucleic acids via PCR
Isolation and characterisation of micro-organisms
What does MAT stand for?
How does it work?
Microscopic agglutination test
The sera from potentially infected animals are subjected to different leptospires
An animal is considered infected for a specific Leptospira when the host sera agglutinates in the presence of the leptospires
Agglutination is the clumping of cells or particles. The antibody binds multiple particles, creating a large complex
Describe 3 considerations when collecting a clinical sample
A sufficient amount of material should be collected
Specimens should be stored appropriately
Specimens must be obtained aseptically
What is the difference between bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic antibiotics?
Give an example of each
Bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit growth of bacteria but don’t necessarily kill them. Eg tetracyclines
Bacteriocidal antibiotics result in the death of bacteria. Eg beta-lactams.
What name is given to the study of viruses?
Virology
