Epidemiology Flashcards
How do you calculate sensitivity?
What is it?
a/a+c
Proportion of diseased individuals that are diagnosed so by the test
What is an endemic?
A disease which is always present in the population
How do you calculate specificity?
What is it?
d/d+b
The proportion of disease-free individuals that are correctly diagnosed by the test
As specificity increases, what happens to sensitivity (and vice versa)?
Decreases
What is a pandemic?
World-wide endemic
What is a confounding study?
A variable that is associated with the variable under study, and also influences the outcome
What is incidence?
No of new cases of a disease that occur within a stated period, as a proportion of the individuals at risk
What is a cross-sectional study?
Looks at the prevalence of a condition in the population and relates it to possible risk factors that can be ascertained at the same time
What is a case-control study?
Compares individuals with disease with those without
What is an epidemic?
An increase in the prevalence of a disease in a population
