ICU, OR, and Cardiac Trauma

Question 1

____ is a condition in which the body’s organs and tissues don’t get adequate oxygen supply.

Answer 1

Hypoxia

Question 2

____ is inadequate perfusion of vital organs.

Answer 2

Shock

Question 3

Hypotension is a systolic BP od < ____mmHg.

Answer 3

90mmHg

Question 4

The biggest reason for hypotension in critically ill patients is due to ____ and ____.

Answer 4

Hemorrhage and hypovolemia

Question 5

Hypotension is seen on the echo as a small LV with ____ motion.

Answer 5

Hyperdynamic

Question 6

The most obvious cause of hypoxia is a ____.

Answer 6

Pulmonary embolus

Question 7

What should you do before and after MV repair?

Answer 7

• Preop: assess severity of valve problem & check if other valves need repaired.
• Post op: determine if any MR is present and how much.
• Make sure that the repair didn’t cause MS.
• Trace the waveform for a mean pressure gradient.
• When a MV replacement is done, check for obstruction in the LVOT from the struts.

Question 8

What should you do before and after AV repair?

Answer 8

• Pre-op: measure the LVOT diameter (to determine size of valve)
• Post-op: look for AI, AS and SAM which can be more of an issue with AV repair.

Question 9

If ____ is present in the LV it could go into the coronaries and cause an embolic event and possibly an MI.

Answer 9

Air

Question 10

They get rid of the air while the pt is still partially on ____.

Answer 10

Bypass

Question 11

An ____ is when a probe/catheter is placed into the heart during a cath procedure.

Answer 11

Intracardiac echo (ICE)

Question 12

____ chest injuries are more common than ____ injuries.

Answer 12

Blunt; penetrating

Question 13

2 major life-threatening consequences of cardiac trauma:

Answer 13

1. Hemorrhage
2. Cardiac Tamponade

Question 14

Most common cause of blunt chest injury:

Answer 14

Steering wheel contusion from high speed MVA

Question 15

Injuries from blunt chest trauma will include those of the:

Answer 15

Myocardium, pericardium, endocardial structures, and coronary arteries

Question 16

____ often follows blunt chest trauma and is indicative of cardiac injury.

Answer 16

Pericardial effusion

Question 17

Effusions due to trauma are frequently ____

Answer 17

Bloody

Question 18

Cardiac contusion is a bruise to the ____.

Answer 18

Myocardium

Question 19

Cardiac contusion is most commonly caused by:

Answer 19

High speed MVA

Question 20

____ may look similar to an MI, except damage is usually “patchy”.

Answer 20

Cardiac contusion

Question 21

Aortic ____ is usually fatal.

Answer 21

Laceration

Question 22

Approximately ____% of patients with aortic rupture survived for more than an hour after trauma

Answer 22

20%